Scientists: Christopher Inness David Coker
In Organic Chemistry there is a system for naming different organic compounds, called the IUPAC naming system. There are numerous organic compounds, due mainly to the bonding abilities of carbon. Each type of carbon-carbon bond and each functional group bonded to a carbon, form different family groups; esters, alcohols and carboxylic acids are separate family groups within Organic Chemistry. Alcohols are also known as alkanols and contain a hydroxyl group (-OH). Carboxylic acids contain a carboxyl group (O=C-OH) and are also known as alkanoic acids. An alkyl group is a straight chain of carbons with one spare bond, which bonds usually to another carbon. Esters are also known as alkyl alkanoates and are a combination of carboxylic acids and alcohols. A branched chain is a straight chain of carbons with an alkyl or aryl group attached.
The IUPAC naming system for naming organic compounds is as follows:
1. Find the longest continuous chain of carbon atoms, which if necessary contains the most significant functional group ¡V this is the parent stem. (The parent stem is the most important straight chain in the compound. A functional group is a polyatomic ion or a halogen attached to a carbon.)
2. Identify any other less substantial functional groups.
3. Number the parent chain so that the functional groups and multiply bonds have the lowest possible number.
4. Use prefixes to indicate multiples of any functional groups. (2 di-, 3 tri-)
5. List the functional groups in alphabetical order followed by the parent stem.
ƒÜ ¡§,¡ between the numbers.
ƒÜ ¡§-¡between numbers and names.
The list of importance for substitute groups is:
Importance Functional Group Prefix or suffix if not part of the parent stem
The production of an ester is known as esterfication. The process of esterfication is a reaction between an alcohol and carboxylic acid to form an ester a...