Origins of sociology.
Sociological Development in Europe and in India. We cannot establish the precise date when sociological research began. While, "society" has been a topic of thought and discussion since the beginning of human history, sociological thinking is a recent historical phenomenon. The discipline of sociology is relatively young and itself emerged as a product of particular social forces. Aristotle located the origin of society in an essential human nature which predisposes individual to form groups and associates. (Swinge wood pg 3).Auguste Comte coined the term sociology in 1838 during a period of rapid social transformation. Sociology is the systematic study of human social life, groups and societies.( Giddens pg 2). Emile Durkhiem pointed out in the latter part of the 19th century that the great philosophers from the first half of the 19th century, using only philosophical and theological perspectives in their studies, concentrated on the qualities of imaginary "ideal" societies rather than on the analysis of what society was really like. Sociology was born when focus was given to understand how society actually operates.Auguste Comte argued that the key to achieving this was to use the scientific approach in studying society.
The origins of sociology therefore lie in the emergence of a radically new type of society based on new principles of social organization and in the new ideas of enlightenment which led to a change in the mind set. Their views, rooted in humanistic concerns, tended to romanticize Indian social institutions. The important and distinctive features of this period can be interpreted as:1. They characterized the 'great transformation' in different ways and thus explained the changes differently. Urbanization destroyed social relationships which lead to the breakdown in personal relationship and social order. Under progressive there were two types: classical liberalism and socialism and under classical liberalism was concept and under socialism was Marxism. there were no proto sociologists in India. At around 1830 there began a spread of diseases among the cities and the people had the attitude that these epidemics would not have any lasting effects. The twin revolutions were viewed as having precipitated quite unprecedented changes in the organization of society. There came about new social organizations and patterns of work such as Division of labor due to which there was an increase in productivity. There was a large amount of flow of population since agriculture became more commercialized and thus houses were built close to the factory but they were very in hygienic. Origins of sociology in Europe: During the 19th century, North Europe and America were passing through the most profound transformation of society in the history of mankind. Their approach was static and historical. Next was the oriantalist view whereby they looked at the Indian reality from a purely textual perspective.
Common topics in this essay:
According Beteille,
Capitalism Capitalism,
Europe America,
Europe India,
North America,
Emile Durkhiem,
USA France,
Andre Beteille,
Marxism Concept,
sociology india,
origins sociology,
liberal democracy,
classical liberalism,
19th century,
liberal democracy political,
human nature,
sociology systematic,
systematic study,
social life,
sociology lie,
origins sociology lie,
sociology systematic study,
|
Acceptance Essays
