Liberalism is the political philosophy emphasizing the value of individual liberty and the role of the state in protecting the rights of its citizens. The idea of liberalism meant specific individual freedoms such as: freedom of press, freedom on speech, freedom of assembly, and freedom from arbitrary arrest. By the early 19th century France with it's Constitutional Charter and Britain with it's Parliament and historic rights of English men and women were the only two nations that had implemented liberal programs. Yet even in those two countries liberalism and not been implemented to its fullest capacity. Although still impacting the mind set of many, liberalism had lost some of its luster during the early 19th century because of new ideologies that had sprung up which supplement for some of liberalism shortfalls. Many revolutionaries criticized the idea of a complete laissez faire economy with no governmental restrictions. Also in the early nineteenth century liberal political ideals became closely associated with narrow class interest and increasingly w
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He thought that the interests of the middle class and those of the industrial working class were completely different. Romantics were driven by a sense of an unlimited universe and by a yearning for the unattained, unknown, and the unknowable. Nationalism was the second radical idea in the years after 1815.
French Utopian Socialism is the system of social organization in which property and the distribution of income are subject to social control rather than individual determination or market forces. Early French socialists tried to appeal to the middle class and help the poor, yet Marx completely disagreed with this idea. The early nationalist believed that every nation, like every citizen had the right to exist in freedom. During romanticism composers created music that expressed emotions of human intensity that had never been heard before. Marx integrated French utopian schemes, English classical economics, and German philosophy all the major intellectual currents of his day. Romanticism can be seen as a rejection of the precepts of order, calm, harmony, balance, idealization and the revolt against the Enlightenment. And because of the cultural mixing pot in central Europe, nationalism became a powerful ideology. Nationalists have tired to use these common bonds to unit together peoples to fight for or support a common goal. Nationalism has usually evolved from real or imagined cultural unity, mostly manifesting itself through the commonality of language, religion, history, or territory. Most romantics saw the growth of modern industry as ugly, brutal attack on their human personality and nature itself.
Marxian Socialism is the modern form of socialism created by Karl Marx.
Approximate Word count =
714
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3 (250 words per page double spaced)
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