Plato
Values contribute to people's actions in today's society. Society itself has a common set of values that many people agree on. In today's world, these values are commonly known as laws. In The Republic, Plato divides the city into specific classes: gold, silver, as well as bronze and iron souls. Each class is chosen to have a specific value. Plato believes that wisdom, courage, moderation, and justice join together to make up The Republic. However, Plato also believes that these values by themselves do not make up a Utopian society. Therefore, a combination of these four values in each person would be ideal to create a perfect society. The first of the values is wisdom. Plato defines wisdom as the knowledge of the city as a whole. Of the classes named earlier, only the gold souls posses the value of wisdom. The gold souls are the only class whose knowledge goes past the plain facts to the level of true wisdom. The second value that Plato defines is courage. Courage is the preservation of the opinion produced by law, through kn
There are two things at work in a man's heart, good and bad. Plato explains moderation as the kind of harmony between the bronze and silver souls. Then, after truly understanding of what is really dangerous to a man, they knew their only task was to show courage. According to Plato, only the four values stated above are necessary. The bad can overwhelm the good, if the people have bad training or keep bad company. Values are something that people possess out of their own willingness. Justice is defined by Plato as, quite simply, minding your own business. However, some of the more personal aspects are missing. He wants a good upbringing to make the right ideas permanent in them, so that pleasure, fear, or death would not take those right ideas from their souls. Plato tries to put values onto certain classes, without thinking about what his republic would be like if he gave all people all of the values. Joy, sadness, love, and all other emotions are all factors of life. If all people in a society have all of the values that Plato states, along with emotions, all of the people of the society will have the same moral outlook on life. This isn't the basis just for the republic, but for the people as well. Courage can be found in the silver souls.
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