Machu Pichu
Machu Pichu is a city in modern Peru located up in the Andes Mountains which is about 43 miles away from Cuzco. Machu Pichu is atop of a ridge with the ridge being between a block of highland and the Huaynac Picchu. Machu Pichu means “Manly Peak” and was most likely a royal estate and religious retreat. Machu Pichu was built within the time periods of 1460 and 1470 AD by Pachacuti Inca Yupanqui, and Incan ruler. The city of Machu Pichu is built above the Urubamba River canyon at an altitude of about 8,000 feet. After the death of Pachacuti, the city of Machu Pichu became the property of his kinship group which was then responsible for its maintenance. Machu Pichu contains about 200 buildings. The buildings consist of temples, storage structures, other public buildings, and residences. . . .
Other intihuatanas were destroyed by Spanish Conquistadors; however, they were unable to find Machu Pichu, so the one in the city remained. The rediscovery of Machu Pichu occurred in 1911 by Hiram Bingham (a Yale professor). In attempts to maximize crop yield and minimize erosion to increase their cultivation area, the Incas used many advanced methods of irrigation. The second story was hard to reach to there had to be a ladder go get up there. He was originally searching for the undiscovered stronghold of the Incan empire (Vilcabamba), and as a constellation, he found Machu Pichu. The main crops that the Incas planted were potatoes and maize. Many uses came of the stone; from the development of significant structures to the temples that remain hanging on the steep precipices. The homes in Machu Pichu were very unique in structure. A ceremony would be held by the priest in attempts to prevent the sun from disappearing altogether when the seasons would change. Most of the building structures are built with granite blocks cut with bronze or stone tools and smoothed with sand. Smallpox had spread throughout the city before the Spanish conquistadors arrived. It was known that about 1,200 people lived in and around Machu Pichu. Most of those 1,200 people were women, children, and priests. Despite their very advanced knowledge in cropping techniques/methods of cultivation, it may have been likely that they failed to produce enough surpluses to send to Cuzco.
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