Managing Defensive Cynicism
Introduction page 2Chapter 1: Cynicism defined page 3 1.1 What is cynicism? page 3 1.2 How and where does it originate? page 4 1.3 Is it a personal matter, or is it situationally determined? page 4 1.4 What are the causes of cynicism? page 5 1.5 What are the effects of cynicism? page 5Chapter 2: Herzberg's Two Factor Theory of Motivation page 7 2.1 Motivation-Hygiene Theory page 7Chapter 3: Managing and Minimizing Cynicism page 9 3.2 How are cynicism and motivation related to each other? page 9 3.3 How to manage and minimize cynicism? page 9Chapter 4: Managing and Minimizing Cynicism , page 11 the Author's point of view It's often so subtle; we are unaware of it. Yet, like a malignant tumor, it attacks our attitudes, our productivity, creativity, self-esteem and the effectiveness of our organizations. Persistent and insidious, it eats away at the heart and souls of all that come in contact and succumbs to this virus of the mind.
The idea of job enrichment is probably the most significant contribution of Herzberg's theory. Several causes and effects where mentioned. Academy of Management Executive, 11(1): 48-59. If employees believe that change efforts by their current managers are doomed to failure, then they can avoid feeling disappointed when changes are not completely successful. Concluding one can say that cynicism is caused by specific negative events in the organiza-tion, such as downsizing, mismanaged change initiatives, overpaid CEOs, and the haphazard use of "trendy" management practices. Meaningful tasks allow for growth, and job enrichment is a relatively simple method for fa-cilitating this growth. com/careers/content/oct2000/ca20001011_406. First an overview was given of different definitions of cynicism. If they are hopeful about the future, cynical thoughts and feeling are less likely to occur. Cynics "agree that lying, putting on a false face and taking advantage of others are fundamen-tal to human character and conclude that, basically, people are just out for themselves" and that "such cynical attitudes about life are paralleled in attitudes about work. But an organization can also improve its performance by fist reducing cynicism and then conse-quently improving motivation.
Common topics in this essay:
Cynicism Author's,
Mirvis Kanter,
Wanous Austin,
Minimizing Cynicism,
Fundamental Herzberg's,
Motivation-Hygiene Theory,
Peter Senge,
Ritti Ference,
Theory Motivation,
Cynicism Copleston,
mirvis kanter,
effects cynicism,
minimize cynicism,
cynicism page,
andersson 1996,
manage minimize cynicism,
kanter 1989,
personal matter,
herzberg's factor,
job enrichment,
manage minimize,
mirvis kanter 1989,
matter situationally determined,
herzberg's factor theory,
personal matter situationally,
|
Acceptance Essays
