The Ecological Disaster of the Aral Sea
As a result of throwing pesticides into the sea, the great catastrophe in the area of the Aral Sea, strongly affected its residents. It is no exaggeration to say that the case of the Aral Sea is one of the greatest environmental catastrophes ever recorded. Unbelievably, the Aral Sea once was one of the biggest in-land seas on earth. Nowadays, however, as it has been covered by loads of pesticides, is now decreasing in area and volume. The shrinkage of the water actually has something to do with the former empire of Russia when Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan once belonged to the Soviet Union. However, the pesticides did not just shrink the water; it affected the human-beings’ health problems as well. The environment of the country is becoming worse and worse—there is not enough water and living things are dying. A catastrophe is just like this—one disaster leading to another and almost unable to stop. Even though the Aral Sea has received a lot of attention from other parts of the world in the past decade, unfortunately, however, there is not really a way to solve this problem—it’s rather hard to clean up all the messes and catastrophes that the pesticides had brought to the people. The Aral Sea is located in the lowlands of Turan occ . . .
Traditional agricultural practices were destroyed by collectivization, and Soviet planners sought products that could be exported for hard currency. The Aral Sea, once one of the world's largest inland freshwater seas, is now a shrinking sea due to unsustainable water use. The catastrophe happened in the Aral Sea is not simply a disaster of the water. People from Europe tried to help the citizens in Kazakhstan about the water, yet it’s not very effective. After the Russian Empire was replaced by the Soviet Union, this began to change. The ecological disaster has been directly linked by medical studies to diseases of blood, cancer, asthma, and heart malfunction. The destruction of the Aral Sea ecosystem has been sudden and severe. Humans have made use of the waters of the Aral basin for thousands of years, borrowing from its two major rivers: the Amu Darya, which flows into the Aral Sea from the south; and the Syr Darya, which reaches the sea at its north end. It is getting rather difficult to clean up all the mess the human had gave to the sea in just a few years. Between 1968 and 1985, 60% of the cropland in the Amu Darya delta was affected by salinity. Excessive irrigation has caused salt accumulation in soil throughout the Aral basin, causing declining harvests. The children would suffer from menstrual disorders, anemia, liver diseases, cancer and birth defects. Infant mortality is said to be the highest in the former Soviet Union (40 to 60 deaths per 1,000 live births in Kazakhstan compared with 19 per 1,000 in Russia and between 7-12 per 1,000 in Europe). The declining sea level lowered the water table in the region, destroying many oases near its shores.
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