Freud and the psychoanalytic theory
Freud and the Psychoanalytic Theory In the field of criminology sociological and psychological theories are the two major explanations for the causes of crime. Sigmund Freud (1856-1939) is the founder of psychoanalysis which can be used in criminology to explain crime. Causes of delinquency and criminal behavior are most prominently explained in Freud's psychoanalytic theory, which suggests that an individual's well-being is dependent on a healthy interaction among the id, ego, The psychoanalytic theory is the search for causes of crime within the make up of an individual. It explains that delinquency is caused by disturbances or abnormalities in an individual's emotional development from early childhood. Freud believes that some people have antisocial tendencies in the unconscious of their mind, that branches back to a traumatic early childhood, and cause long-term psychological problems. Three possible causes of crime that can be attributed to the psychoanalytic theory are a strong conscious that creates guilt, a weak conscious that can not control an individuals urges and a criminals need for immediate gratification. (Adler, Mueler and Lau
A criminal needs to get psychiatric treatment to figure out his emotional disturbance. "You can think of the superego as a moral guardian or conscious that is trying to regulate or control the id's wishes or impulses. This happens when the conscious is too weak and it can't control the impulses and drives that people have which can result in them committing crime. He also says that criminals sometimes leave clues called "unconscious motivated errors," when committing a crime. Transference is the process of the patient, through free association and talk therapy, to reanact their early childhood experiences wiht the therapist. Also his work is too broad and written to cover every possibility of an event. The third part of the human mind that develops is the superego. The superego evolves by identifying with the same sex parent and internalizing parental control. The pleasure principle is the part of the mind that say's, if it feels good, do it and nothing else, it demands satisfaction now, regardless of circumstances and possible undesirable effects. His psychoanalytic theory explains all these points, and how an unconscious conflict causes crime. Some people have a conflict in their unconscious mind that creates guilt and therefore gives them feelings that make them want to be punished. Another reason that Freud believes that individuals become criminals, is when an id is out of control.
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