Downs Syndrome
All children that are born with Downs Syndrome (previously called 'mongolism') have a common characteristic appearance and may also share similar congenital birth defects.Dr John Downs, of whom the condition is so named after, found that children who were born with these similar characteristics and that after testing were complete. It was found that there was a common chromosome abnormality, which is known as 'Trisomy 21' (Cunningham, 1996). Every pregnant woman is at risk of having a Downs Syndrome child. For example 1 in 1,000 women who are 28yrs will give birth to a child with this condition. However, the risk is much greater with a woman who is 38yrs, increasing the risk by approximately 1 in 200 births.Until recently, it was thought that a woman's age was the only indicator to the risk involved. However, advances in medical practise can now carry out tests out by looking at a woman's hormone and protein levels during pregnancy. Also with the information of the expectant mother's age and the use of maternal screening, two thirds of Downs Syndrome infants can be identified whilst still in the womb.
This came as a great relief to Sam's parents as they then knew that, the needs of their son would finally be met. Sam is a very popular little boy and fun to be with. It was suggested that there was no 'carer' to look after Sam during school hours. Repair of the partial form involves patching the hole between the two receiving chambers and repairing the valve if it leaks. This led to Sam receiving and attending skill development sessions. It is important to point out that, the mixture can vary between very few to nearly 100% Trisomic cells. As with the other types of Downs Syndrome (apart from where a parent is the carrier) there is no known reason why Mosaic Downs Syndrome occurs. And only 4% of sufferers have this type of the condition (see figure, 2). The recommended approaches for Sam was that, Sam could attend mainstream school, have support from a key worker on a daily basis to carryout language programmes and to ensure that Sam had access to all areas of the curriculum. Sam could follow instructions with in the class. Parents with one child, who suffer with this condition, are usually informed that the chance of conceiving another child with the Down syndrome condition is about 1 in 100. These people all have rare types of Translocation (see bullet point 2, for explanation of this type) (Carr, 1995). In simple terms, this means that it is the environment (both physically and society's attitudes), which are the problems and not the condition that leads to physical mental impairments. Also, it is vital to point out that, that because such parents have the usual amount of genetic material, they have no traces of the Syndrome themselves and will never suffer from the condition. It offered smaller class sizes, thus enabling quality time with individuals on a one to one basis - which would not be available in mainstream schools.
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Acceptance Essays
