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Diane Wolfthal Response

The opinion that Wolfthal is making is that images between Sefer Minhagim and contemporary Christian artwork illustrate different views of Jewish rituals. During the century change you see roles of rabbis change and scriptures of worship differ. Also you see similarities in lifestyles between the Jews and Christians. Lastly, the transformation and representation of gender change dramatically.

In Europe, contemporary Christian artworks stereotypically labeled Jewish men by making them look a like. Pfefferkorn did so in his painting, Libellus de Judaica Confessione, by showing within this painting that the men were clean-shaven and wore identical garments. In addition, physical features depicted Jews. Jews having dark skin, flaming red hair, and large hooked noses are just some of the physical features. This was also due to Christian artwork and was extremely unfair to the Jewish society. Women, along with men, where altered. Libellus de Judaica illustrates two women talking during services, which sometimes occurred but was looked a

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The depiction of Jews was presented another way. In the Sefer Minhagim women are more into the rituals performing fully. One of which the Jew physical features are still very stereotypical and recognized even now in the 21st century. Women, I have come to realize from what I have learned, seem to have an equal part in rituals and in everyday life. Looking at the views and how they differed between Sefer Minhagim and Yiddish books written a century later. As told in a caption that says, “ these women listening to the megillah. The Jewish rituals and holidays are celebrations and are a time to have fun as the men and women dance and party. Women are a greater role in the manuscripts, performing in more rituals and being seen in more pictures of the ritual book. 26) The Yiddish manuscript completely eliminates Christians from their works of art. This is similar to the Christians where as the century goes on the priest’s role of importance increases. This is noticed during a scene of Rosh Ha-Shanah. Making the Christians totally irrelevant in scenes of worship. They are similar in size to that of the men and the occupancy of space they take is also equal to the males.

Approximate Word count = 702
Approximate Pages = 3 (250 words per page double spaced)

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