Migration and Globalization: The Silk Road
Globalization, often seen as a new emerging force in global culture, politics, and economics today, is not an entirely new phenomenon. In fact, globalization can be traced back to the ancient empires of Greece and Rome in Europe and the Middle East and to the opening of the Great Silk Road through Asia in the third century A.D. "The Silk Road played the role of a connecting bridge between countries and civilizations. It served as a channel for trade, which became the catalyst for the development of crafts. Travelers and explorers studied the countries and peoples of the lands along the entire length of the Road, thus making an enormous contribution to the development of knowledge. The world became acquainted with the ideas and work of the greatest philosophers, scholars and statesmen. Intensive mutual enrichment of cultures took place, and there was an active exchange of knowledge and of spiritual and philosophical concepts and views."1 Some examples of what was transported over the centuries along the Silk Road include Buddhism, technology, and art. Although it reached its height of utilization during the Tang Dynasty in the seventh to ninth centuries A.D.,
Islam Islam began to spread into China from the Middle East in the tenth century. Numerous Buddhist schools, shrines, grottos, and monasteries appeared in villages along the Silk Road, and China became an important center for Buddhist teaching. Trade of consumer goods and heavy industry between China and the Commonwealth of Independent States is quickly increasing. 2 This region became a mixture of Persian, Indian and Greek influences. Problems involving tribal politics between different people along the Silk Road instigated this transition from land to sea. the first Nestorian church was constructed in Changan. While the effects of this new migration have yet to be seen on the current Chinese culture, there are numerous opportunities for cultural hybridity to develop. , it is likely that silk and other goods were already beginning to enter Europe in small quantities. It was decided to try to join the Yuezhi in order to form an alliance against the Xiongnu. 12 In late 1990, the railway connecting Lanzhou (near the geographic center of China) and Urumchi (in northwest China in the Xinjiang province) was extended to the border with Kazakhstan, where it joined with the former Soviet railway system; this now provides an important route to the new republics. , but the Western Han Dynasty fought to preserve the unity of China.
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