Sociological Theories
I will be discussing the following sociological theories which are Marxism, a macro sociological theory that looks at the exploitation of the wage labourers by the capitalists causing class conflict. Functionalism also a macro sociological theory sees society as working together as a whole. They use an organic analogy by comparing society to the human body, by looking at bodily organs in relation to how the work together as a whole. The emphasis is put on function, interdependence, consensus, social order and primary and secondary socialization.Feminists, who unlike the other sociological theories focus on women in society, believe that society is gender biased, male dominated and that there is a gender division. It should be noted that there are many branches of feminists such as, Marxist feminists who like Marxists believe that society is stratified. Radical feminists believe women are oppressed by social structures such as patriarchy and capitalism. And Liberal feminists believe that women's inequality issues are caused by faults in society and not by the social structures in place.While the other sociological theories are macro sociology, symbolic interactionism comes under micro socio
Radical feminists argue that women are structurally oppressed by social structures such as patriarchy and capitalism. This leaves the individual with very little say and control over how they govern their own lives, effectively making society more important than the individual. Within this context, the working class would follow the norms and maintain their values rather than become a class for themselvesLiving in a meritocratic society, individuals are lead to believe that progress and higher levels of achievement would increase your financial and social status. This discussion will be based on taking a closer look at these theories and how individuals are affected in society. Feminists share a common view with Marxists, where they believe that society is divided into groups. This left the system unchallenged, leaving the working classes in a state of false consciousness. The working classes social economic status may make it difficult in obtaining the necessary skills and qualifications to allow an improvement in wealth and status. Functionalists believe, that people are not born human beings, that instead we learn to be human through a process of socialization. Marxists views the individual in society as part of a class membership who have little control over their lives, and are powerless to affect the circumstances of their lives. Primary socialization is in the form of the caregiver and families. Many women have accepted the monopoly men have over them in society, thus maintaining the status quo. Liberal feminists believe in campaigning for equal rights and opportunities, by removing economic and political obstacles for freedom of choice. But on scenarios that has different meanings to the individuals involved, which is open to interpretation. Marxist feminists believe that women are exploited by capitalism and are forced into low paid work, and unpaid domestic labour which is justified by male domination, as men are seen as breadwinners in the family. Marxists look at how capitalists benefit by the surplus value made from the working classes, who labour for them without sharing in the profits made by the capitalists.
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