Explore symbolism in the novel and how it supports the theme.
In Holden's view, the adult world represents a phony and cruel world. For Holden, the schools,
like Pencey Prep and Elkton represents the phony, cruel world of those adult who run them. For
example, the advertisement for Pencey Prep are misleading, because the feature that "some hot shot guy
on a horse' has never been seen by Holden at Pencey Prep. Also, the Pencey Prep's motto is highly
rejected by Holden. He dislikes the cruelty at Prep schools, "You never saw so many mean guys in your
life". For Holden, the two schools are a symbol of a corrupt system controlled by phony adult and
ruining the purity of boy's life.
Holden also sees the New York life as corruption and Hippocratic. For example, the shows
inside the Radio City symbolizes the ingenious art that pollutes the audience. The stage has no artistic
or religious values. He thinks that "old Jesus probably would've puked if he could see it." Again, the
movie is worse because it glorifies war and military.
For Holden, the childhood symbolizes purity and innocence, which requires protection and
preservation. Holden sees the importance of preserving the purity and innocence of childhood. It is an
act of evil to destroy the innocence that cannot be recovered. The personality of a child is preferred by
Holden, "God, I love it when a kid's nice and polite.....Most kids are. They really are." Phoebe's
manner constitutes the entire child's nature liked by Holden. For instance, she is "very affectionate"
towards him. More important is that Phoebe can have a meaningful dialogue with him, "I mean if you
tell Phoebe something, she knows exactly what the hell you're talking about." Moreover, she has the
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