Most people believe mummies are from Egypt, wrapped in bandages and buried deep inside a
pyramid. Egyptian mummies are the most familiar to the majority ,however, mummies have been
found in many places around the world such as Greenland, China and the Andes Mountains and
are not always deliberately mummified. Although there are many varieties, Egyptian and Peruvian
mummies will be the topic of this paper.
A mummy is a body of a person or animal that has been preserved after death. Normally when
someone or something dies most of it decomposes leaving only a skeleton. Bacteria and water
are needed for decomposition to occur. Mummification usually results when circumstances do
not allow this process to begin and instead the body dries out quickly, usually preserving the body
well enough that the features of the living being can almost be discernible.
Mummies were formed naturally and by embalming. The Egyptians, believing that death was
the beginning of a new life in another world, also believed a body was needed at that time.
Therefore by purposeful preparation, (embalming) the body was preserved. The necessary steps
involved in the preservation process begin with the internal organs being removed, mummified
and put in canopic jars and kept with the mummy. Then the body was packed and covered with
natron (a salty substance) and left for approximately fifty days and then filled with resin to restore
the shape of the dead person and lastly it was tightly wrapped in many layers of linen and covered
with good luck charms. After the wrapping was complete the body was put in a shroud. The
Egypt, at one time, was one of the most advanced civilizations on Earth, having developed the
technology needed to build pyramids that were set aside for the burials of the nobles, officials and
occasionally , but rarely, common people who could afford the significant cost. The prominent
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