The Atom
Our understanding of the atom has changed remarkably over time. At one point, it was considered a solid object. Now, the atom is considered to have a cloud for its electrons. We believe that our notion of the atom has had many changes, and will continue to change until we get it right. The first scientist was Sir Isaac Newton. True, the atom was not his greatest achievement, but he had a mutual association with it. The latter part of Newton's book Optiks is a series of speculations on the atomic nature of matter, indicating how some of matter's properties are to be understood in terms of atoms. (http://physics.hallym.ac.kr/education/qm/mitqm/804f/.html) Newton needed the atom to help him write this book. Robert Boyle was similar to Newton in his association with the atom. Boyle's work in chemistry was aimed at establishing the atom as a rational theoretical science on the basis of a mechanistic theory of matter. Boyle was a skillful experimenter who insisted that experimentation was an essential part of scientific proof . (http://webpub.allegheny.edu/employee/g/grodgers/ScientificTravelingWebsite/Boyle.html) The atom also helped the famous chemist Mendeleev. Mendeleev was the chemist that made the periodic table.
That day will likely be when we can see with our eyes the inside of an atom. That was the reason why the atom did not collapse. htm)Lord Rutheford made many contributions to our knowledge of the atom. He stated that electrons have a wave nature. He listed the elements by their atomic weight, (explained again in Dalton's paragraph). For the first time our atom is a positively charges sphere with electrons (negative charge) in it. He was the designer of the planetary model of the atom. While his model that he proposed was wrong in his basic ideas, he suggested that electrons revolve around the nucleus in specific energy levels.
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