Analytical Philosophy: Its aim and objectives
The present age is the age of science and technology. Similarly modern philosophy is known as "Analytical Philosophy" Analytical Philosophy is a new trend in contemporary western philosophy. This movement was started mainly in England & America from the beginning of the twentieth Century. G.E. Moore, Bertrand Russell and Wittgenstein were the pioneer of the movement. After the Greek Period, the trend of philosophy could be broadly classified into three ages.1) Middle Age philosophy is known as the Age of Faith. In this period everything was depended on faith only and the philosophical teachings were dominated by the church.2) The philosophy of Modern Age is called as Age of reason. In this age philosophical teachings were analysed only by reasoning.3) Contemporary philosophy is known as Age of Analysis.Though the contemporary philosophers are of different in their views regarding the nature of analysis, they can be classified into two groups, one is Oxford Group and other is Cambridge Group. The philosophers of Oxford Group were G.E Moore, A. J. Ayer, Wittgenstein and Gilbert Ryle. Bertrand Russell, Rudolf Catnap and Wittgenstein were of Cambridge Group.All of the analytical philosophers were intereste
Gilbert Ryle has advocated the theory of "Logical Behaviourism" by criticising Descartes, that he has done category mistake. Sometimes the meaning of proposition depends on the intension of the speaker. Ayer, a proposition is said to be verifiable in the strong sense of the term, if and only if, its truth could be conclusively established in experience. into inner and outer and they are contingently related. Their philosophical quest started from doubt. The Oxford Group has given importance on the analysis of ordinary language and Cambridge group on artificial language. Further, Analytical philosophers could be again divided from another standpoint also. To know the meaning of sentence one must know the use of sentence. The analytical philosophers have tried to know the real knowledge of the world through analysis of language. Wittgenstein said in his famous book "Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus" that the world is totality of facts and language pictures facts. But it is verifiable, in the weak sense, if it is possible for experience to render its probable. These linguistic philosophers discovered that language is the subject matter of philosophy.
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