Theory
Kinetic theory can be used to explain what happens when a substance changes from one state to another, for example when ice melted to become water.The main points of the kinetic theory are:* All matter is made of particles. There are particles in all materials-glass, wood, paper.* The individual particles are very small.
Solid particles can only vibrate about fixed positions. The particles rush around in all direction in all the space that they can find. They have more energy and move around and faster. * In a solid the particles are very close with strong forces between them. The forces between the particles are not as strong. So gases change their shape and their volume depending on their container. * As temperature rises, the particles get hotter. Particles of compound like sugar are larger. Particles of some complex compound s such as rubber proteins are thousand times bigger. * I n a gas the particles are much further apart. Particle of elements such as aluminium iron and oxygen are very small. This explains why solids have a fixed shape and a fixed volume. There are no forces to hold the particles together. Small particles move faster that heavier particles at the same temperature.
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