Scientific Management
Frederick Winslow Taylor known as the father of scientific management has had a major impact on the way businesses operate today. Born March 20, 1856 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Taylor, who had problems with his eyes and could not attend college. Instead, he went to work as a laborer in a machine shop. He later worked at Midvale Steel Works and became a manager in addition to attending night school to get a mechanical engineering degree. He saw the inefficiency and waste at his job and decided to dedicate himself to stopping this waste and improve efficiency (Kreitner 2001). Frederick Winslow Taylor and Frank and Lillian Gilbreth all made great contributions in the area of operational approach to management. As the United States moved into the industrial age, management faced with the challenge of changing the pre industrial revolution people (Eldred 2000a). Before the industrial revolution and the creation of large factories and assembly lines, artisan workers took great pride in their individual abilities and techniques. This pride led many tradesmen to go to great pains to keep the secrets of their trade a secret. The tradesmen would pass their techniques and tips onto thei
He believed that by designing facilities for more efficient operation and by educating the workers and management that the success of the company would be mutually, beneficial maximum efficiency could be achieved (Robbins 2001a). In the process, he was laying the ground for the modern division between 'staff' and 'line' functions. This will create two classes of workers - laborers and maintenance workers. r sons and apprentices (Eldred 2000b). Frederick Taylor and the Gilbreths' in particular realized that there must be "one best technique". Frank and Lillian Gilbreth are the inventors of this process. To ward off a rate cut was one reason to soldier. Although Frederick Taylor did discuss the importance of standardization and optimum performance of tasks, he focused on the macro environment of production by designing systems to facilitate the efficient use of resources, including time and human resources. The few corporations that apply work simplification get outstanding results. Frank started out as a bricklayer at the age of seventeen. From the automobile assembly lines to the bread bakeries, the benefits of standardization and the well designed production facilities allow manufactures to produce large quantities of reliable products in the most cost effective manner possible.
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