Sparta and Athens
The Classical Age was from 6th to 4th century BC. Greece was divided into city states that were all independent. Two major city states of this time were Sparta and Athens who had lots of differences between them. Sparta was rich agriculturally and was a militaristic state so they could control the population of the slaves. The slaves out number the Spartans 12 to 1. Lycurgus was the founder of the Sparta constitution in 600 BC. The Spartan government consisted of a senate to balance the monarchy of the king and the democracy of the people. The Senate had consisted of 30 men that initiate the laws and policies and 5 ephers who enacted the laws. The assembly consisted all the men who had weapons and armor and had a yes or no vote in the government. The Spartan government was an oligarchy, meaning that the senate had all the power. In the Spartan constitution Lycurgus made divided the land equally amoung the people to prevent luxury, envy, arrogance, crime, and disputes between social classes. They had no need for money a
Athens was open to foreign beliefs and ways of living. Ten generals were in charge of the supervision of the army and the state. They would then help other city states with their great navy in exchange for men, ships and money. Open marriage was favored since all children belonged to the state or government and the best traits and qualities of children could be bread. The war was evenly fought with Sparta's army and Athens's navy but Sparta came out victorious defeating Athens. Even the poor were given citizenship since they would serve in the navy. There they were educated militaristically and to learn obedience. Everyone was equal before the law so there would be no class distinctions. This has weakened Greece and soon led to its downfall because Sparta now had to take over the Athenian people. Athens had a democratic government far ahead of its time. Women were treated the same as men were. Their military depended on loyalty instead of strict training and wealth was not a big issue between them. The older men would start disputes between the younger men to see who had the best characteristics of becoming a leader and this also influenced homosexuality.
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