Comparison of the High Caliphate and the Golden Age
The High Caliphate, including the Umayyad and Abbasid dynasties, and the Golden Age of the Tang and Song dynasties had numerous similarities. Both strongly influenced foreign lands, while being influenced by others. However, the many differences in the more individual achievements of the High Caliphate and Golden Age of Tang and Song are what set the two ages apart and make them singular pieces to a larger whole in history, proving them worthy of closer study and comparison. First of all, there is the fact that both eras included two dynasties apiece. The Umayyad and Abbasid, and the Tang and Song dynasties were called dynasties due to the fact that succession of rule was passed along the ruling bloodline. This was more of a forced and reluctantly accepted trait in the Umayyad dynasty that continued throughout the Abbasid dynasty, whereas in the Chinese dynasties it was an integral part of the rule, according to the mandate of heaven that defined the rulers as divinely chosen for the task. Both the High Caliphate and the Golden Age of Tang and Song also had a period of transition and political fragmentation between dynasties as well. Both of these time periods produced dynasties with extensive empires in different regio
Trade was widely accepted, and spanned a large portion of the globe because of the large number of Muslim traders everywhere. The Golden Age dynasties controlled a large part of the East, while the High Caliphate dynasties controlled a region to the West that spanned from the Atlantic Ocean to the Indian Ocean. Both ages took part in calligraphy as well. Other Golden Age innovations included the waterwheel, forge bellows, abacus, water clock, printing techniques, and gunpowder. The bureaucracy remained basically the same throughout the Golden Age, lasting for 300 years in the South. The High Caliphate adopted and mixed a number of foreign governmental models, and also allowed non-Arabs to enter into office. In the High Caliphate, there was painting, ceramics, mosaics, poetry, inlay work, and small sculptures, though none of which could contain the human form, as outlawed by the Qur'an. In the Golden Age art flourished as well, specifically poetry, with great works from artists such as Li Bo and Du Fu. The reason so much land came under the rule of these dynasties was their extensive military forces. The High Caliphate produced a large number of practical, educational scientific findings, whereas the Golden Age of Tang and Song came up with mostly agrarian ideas that aided their food production and growth. Fiction in storytelling was also an invention of the High Caliphate. The insights and innovations of both the High Caliphate and Golden Age of Tang and Song were quite impressive and useful, though obviously created to serve different priorities.
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