The Crusades: Major Battles and Effects
The Crusades, which number in eight, lasted from 1095a.d. to 1270a.d. In this paper I will be discussing the major battles and the effects of the Crusades. There were eight Crusades, four of which were led by kings. The battles in each crusade contributed to the outcome of the crusades. The Major battles that had the most effect on the outcome of the crusades will be discussed in the next paragraphs. There were definitely more battles during the Crusades but these were the most significant.In the First Crusade Pope Urban II started what we know as the Holy Wars or the Crusades. Over the period from 1095-1270, a series of military expeditions were fought to take back the Holy Land, Jerusalem, from the Seljuk Turks. There were eight crusades, which were spurred for many different reasons by many different people that left a lasting effect to the world. The battle I will be discussing for the First Crusade is the Capturing of Jerusalem.The capturing of Jerusalem was a turning point in the First Crusade. The armies of the First Crusade were actually just peasants (Biel 35). Their main goal was not what Pope Urban II wanted. Pope Urban wanted Jerusalem recaptured out of the hands of the Seljuk Turks (Biel
The Crusades "led to many cultural, political, and economical changes in Europe (Cartlidge 87). However, the German crusaders were ambushed during their voyage depleting their supplies and cavalry (Biel 83). However, as the next generation came about, the children of the original crusaders were not quite as motivated and determined as the original fleet, so the Muslims escaped the isolation and regained power. When Constantinople was sacked the Crusaders went through Bellows 4the whole town "often drunk. However, almost immediately, Innocent lost control over the Crusade. Then in 1187 Pope Gregory VIII called for a third crusade. When they finally reached the holy city, Jerusalem was already under heavy guard by the Egyptians at the time when the crusaders were about to make their attack. Children had their heads cracked open as soldiers swung them by their heels against brick walls. The original plan if the Fourth Crusade to meet in Venice and ship hosts to the Holy Land, however, financial problems formed because of the expenses involve in shipping so many. The peasants wanted to change their lifestyle by becoming rich on the Crusade by buying spices, silk, and other novelties, which the peasants would then come back and sell the products for a larger profit (Biel 35). All who dwelled in the city were massacred in belief that the blood of former possessors purified the city (Biel 66). When the battle at Damascus came to pass the crusaders did something really stupid, they retreated after one day of fighting to an open plain with no water, also they left an orchard that they had fought all day to capture (Biel 83). The Muslims, under the leadership of the radical leader, Zangi, found victory in attacking Edessa.
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