Balance Diet
A balanced diet is one that provides an adequate intake of energy and nutrients for maintenance of the body and therefore good health. A diet can easily be adequate for normal bodily functioning, yet may not be a balanced diet. An ideal human diet contains fat, protein, carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals, water and fibre all in correct proportions. These proportions vary for each individual because everyone has different metabolic rates and levels of activity.Malnutrition results from an unbalanced diet, this can be due to an excess of some dietary components and lack of other components, not just a complete lack of food. Too much of one component can be as much harm to the body as too little. Deficiency diseases occur when there is a lack of a specific nutrient, although some diet related disorders are a result of eating in excess. An adequate diet provides sufficient energy for the performance of the body to function. Carbohydrates, fats and proteins provide energy. Proteins are a provider of energy in an emergency, but are primarily used as building blocks for growth and repair of many body tissues. We also need much smaller amounts of other nutrients, such as vitamins and minerals. Despite the small quan . . .
A diet can easily be adequate without being a properly balanced diet and since everyone has different metabolic rates everyone's ideal diet is unique, therefore generalised guidelines have been established to aid people in obtaining a good diet. Minerals Some minerals are considered to be macronutrients as they are required in fairly large amounts in the diet to maintain a healthy body. Obesity is in fact a form of malnutrition, as the diet is not balanced. It is found in citrus fruits such as oranges and lemons, and also in potatoes and tomatoes. The risk of developing diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, CHD, arthritis (due to extra pressure on joints), stroke and some cancers are increased dramatically with obesity. Water is needed, as it is lost constantly from our bodies in urine, sweat, and evaporation from lungs and in faeces. It is a fat-soluble vitamin, which is involved, in the clotting process of blood. As lipids are such a rich source of energy they are often not needed for respiration if there are adequate quantities of carbohydrate for the energy output of the body. As lipids are digested in the intestine into fatty acids and glycerol, some fatty acids are only available in the diet and cannot therefore be synthesised in the cell in any way. Vitamins fall into two categories, fat soluble vitamins such as vitamin A, D, E and K which are ingested with fatty foods and water soluble vitamins such as the B group vitamins and vitamin C. The main function of vitamin C is the formation of connective tissues such as collagen. Vitamins are known as micronutrients because only small quantities are required for a healthy diet, in fact fat soluble vitamins can be toxic in high concentrations. Fibre Fibre is not digested by the body, but is involved in maintaining the health of the gut and is therefore an essential part of a balanced diet. If eaten in an excess of the dietary requirements carbohydrates are easily stored as fats in the cells.
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