Spanish Armada
The Spanish Armada is one of the most famous wars in history. It was between the Spanish and English. It lasted from 1588 until 1604. The Spanish captains were the Duke of Medina Sidonia and the Duke of Parma. The English captains were Lord Admiral Howard and Sir Francis Drake. At the time of the Spanish Armada Elizabeth I was the queen. England then was poor and not up to date. It was almost uninhabited with no major cities except London. In the sixteenth century almost everyone in Europe was a Christian. If they weren't Christian they were Protestant. Catholics believed that the Catholic Church was the only true church and the Pope was their leader. The Protestants believed that the Pope was the leader, and set up their own self-determining churches. Elizabeth was a devoted Protestant and knew that most of England were Protestants also. In Spain, King Philip was the most powerful ruler in the world. He owned great spots of Central America and South America. The Spanish Empire was very wealthy, but Spain itself wasn't. Philip was using most of his gold and silver to pay back America for the war. Philip was a deeply religious Catholic. He spent many hours praying. He was so devoted to his religion that he thought that in ev
Philip must have thought this was going to frighten the English. There was no major damage done to any of the ships. England and Spain finally signed a peace treaty in 1604. On August 4th, the Isle of Wight could be seen. In 1586 Philip determined that he wouldn't be able to defeat the Dutch without first conquering England. Their navigational instruments could only tell them how far north they were, and to use them, the pilots needed the sun or stars to navigate. None of the pilots have seen Irelands coast before and they didn't have charts to guide them. The Spanish government published a detailed description of the fleet and distributed it throughout Europe. It had instructions to fight the English fleet only if it was attacked. This is what was then called the Spanish Armada. Then in February 1588 Admiral Santa Cruz died. The first one was that the Armada was going to sail to the Netherlands from Spain by sailing through English Channel. They usually wore gold buttons and silver lace. The armada mission included religious aim as well as political. Other officers had their own cabins but they were usually only big enough to hold a bed and a few other things.
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