How and with what success did the black SA's resist aparthed
How and with what success did the black SA's resist the Gov Policy of Apartheid in the peiriod 1948-76?(Boycotts, alliances among black orgsanisations and groups ,Non violent and violent protests and strikes)During the peiriod 1948-1976 South African blacks resisted the Apartheid policies of the NP by boycotts strikes, Violent and non violent protests. These mass movements were highly successfull in many ways. The early non-violent strikes triggered international awareness and brought blacks from all backgrounds into organised politics. The later part of the struggle culminated in the fall of aparthied in 1990, therefore ressistance during this period has to be seen as highly successful.The coming to power of Malans apartheid government stimulated a shift in the ANC to firstly more millatant ressastance as well as a united struggle between all races( as shown by the the Doctors pact between Naiker , Xumz and Dadoo). In December 1949, with the support of the ANC Youth League, a new leadership came to power in the ANC. Walter Sisulu was elected secretary-general and a number of Youth Leaguers were elected to the national executive. In 1949 the "Programme of Action"(POA) was drafted by the ANC youth league. The programm
A national action committee, 52 Africans and Indians, including Walter Sisulu, Nelson Mandela and Ismail Cachalia, marched into Boksburg location near Johannesburg without permits. This led to the formation of the Black Consiouness Movement,led by Steve Biko, who sought to promote black self-esteem and awareness(by blacks meant, africans, indians and coloureds) and showed these people that they were not inferior to the whites in anyway, it was the system oppsed on them that made them feel inferior. IN 1958 the charges were withdrawn on 61 people and by March 1961 all charges were dropped. As a result women marched onto beer halls and distroyed machinery and chased customers away. The Beer hall boycott took place in Cato Manor near Durban in which mainly women protested against the Government who opened Beer halls for drinkers and this brought competition against black women who brewed beer at home. In Pondoland the Intaba, a millatary and political party. Thus a National Day Of Protest and Mourning was called for the 16th june due to these deaths and in protest to the Unlawful Organisations Bill. Also in the 1960's the ANC leadership was unsure about the course of actoin to take. e claimed the right to self-determinattion for all africans as well as rejecting white dominance but most importantly it called for mass boycotts, strikes and civil disobediance and to raise consouness for the struggle via propganda. Although there wer minor disagreement with regard to the Alliance it was a major step in the struggle in that it united all races under the banner of equality and freedom and showed the government that all races including whites, would mobilise against apartheid. This showed that the state could in no way stop the mass action movements legally and thus showed the success of the movements in that people could be mobilised and it could not be stopped legally. It called for all racially opressed people in SA to unite and overthrow the system, the government. The strikes, boycotts and mass movements of the peiriod 1948-1976 culminated in the eventuall fall of aparthied in the 1990's. Although the issue was not resolved, bantu education would be oppsed again.
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