The 1830 publication of the "Book of Mormon" by Joseph Smith, officially established the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Members of the Church of Jesus Christ believe that Smith, under divine guidance, translated a set of golden plates into the Book of Mormon. This was the first of s...

The UnIslamic Nation of Islam The mention of the "Nation of Islam" will undoubtedly cause an immense number of responses in any situation. To some, this organization symbolizes blatant racism. To others, it is seen as a savior of the black community. Regardless of one's opi...

The extent to which the debate over slavery was not really about black people but about whites can be seen politically, socially, religiously and economically. Slavery affecting politics is demonstrated politically in the Lincoln-Douglas debates. The real arguments were over which side, the nor...

Segregation and Discrimination that effected Black Texans and Mexican Americans in Texas Historians have described the early twentieth century as the nadir of race relations in this country. Ironically, populism, which tried to create a biracial political coalition, helped to encourage segre...

Rosa Louise Parks was born Rosa McCauley on February 4, 1913, in Tuskegee, Alabama. She was named after her grandmother, Rose Percival. Rosa was raised by her mother, Leona Edward McCauley, on her grandparents' farm at Pine Level, a small community outside Montgomery. Rosa received her prima...

In 1948, the National Party was elected with Dr. Daniel Malan as their leader in South Africa. Their policies were based on the Saur Report (1947) which ultimately worked towards full apartheid (apartness) and segregation of the different races. During 1948-1960, many apartheid laws were introduced ...

The Civil Rights Movement gave African-Americans many rights that would change their lives forever. Without the Civil Rights Movement, our world is significantly different today because African Americans would still be segregated from the white world. Before the 1950s, African Americans held very f...

Slavery: and the Re-emergence of voodoo History is a peculiarly Western form of narrative that might be argued to have its origins in the European struggles for national identity as they coincided with colonial expansionism; history is the story of the evolution of this identity as it condensed a...

Black people had significant historical importance to the nation and the importance of black-white relations in U.S. society today. Throughout the history black were denied many important things to have, a traditional life style, black Americans could not work, live, shop, eat, seek entertainment, o...

"To better understand a person you have to climb up inside their skin and walk around in it." The quote previously stated by Atticus in the book To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee is an unveiling of the upcoming forms of prejudice. The setting for the novel is a fictitious town cal...

The Douglass document was written by an escaped slave named Frederick Douglass. Douglass has written three autobiographies. He was asked to deliver a 4th of July oration. He presented this on July 5, 1852 at a meeting sponsored by the Rochester Ladies' Anti-Slavery Society at Rochester Hall...

Adam Clayton Powell Jr. Adam Clayton Powell Jr., The first African American voted to congress from New York, he combined a flair for militant speech ethics that drew crowds of African Americans and his social protest was a resemblance some of his political ambitions; Powell career was a symbol ...

All Men Are Created Equal? Frederick Douglass's Influence in Making This True "When in the Course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with another, and to assume among the powers of the earth, the separate and e...

Introduction Martin Luther King Jr. was an incredible leader who greatly advanced the civil rights movement. Early in his life, Martin Luther King Jr. went to very prestigious schools and won awards for his charismatic way of speaking. The Montgomery Bus Boycott, which was led by King, tried to p...

The wide spread racial segregation and prejudice in the 19th and 20th centuries belittled African Americans into a state of enslavement. Their initial lack of unity and fear of white authority provided them with slow social restructuring. The modern civil rights movement grew out of the desire for...

Over history various methods have been used to justify discrimination. Although religion and race were both successful in instituting social hierarchies, the implications of their characterizations were quite different. Though similar in their origins, the transition from religion to race as the bas...

Black Americans Black Americans are those persons in the United States who trace their ancestry to members of the Negroid race in Africa. They have at various times in United States history been referred to as African, coloured, Negro, Afro-American, and African-American, as well as black. The...

OUR KIND OF PEOPLE Lawrence Otis Graham spent six years of his life interviewing the Black elite in cities all across America. Through this book we learn how the first elite families came about, what educations they have, what jobs they have, and what kind of social groups they are apart of. ...

Islam The UnIslamic Nation of Islam The mention of the "Nation of Islam" will undoubtedly cause an immense number of responses in any situation. To some, this organization symbolizes blatant racism. To others, it is seen as a savior of the black community. Regardless of one'...

Earl Graves was a young black boy who grew up in the tough neighborhood of Bedford-Stuyuesant Brooklyn. He was born in the late 1930's his first venture came at the tender age of seven. He was selling Christmas cards door to door. He was inspired by his father who was a salesman who was very g...

One More River to Cross Crispus Attucks Crispus Attucks was the first American to die in cause of independence. He was born a slave in 1725, in Massachusetts. He was an expert livestock trader. On March 5, 1770, he left dinner after hearing strange fire bells. He then gathered an angry mob...

Maturity falls into two categories, physical maturity and psychological maturity. For most people, physical maturity occurs in any case, whereas only those who quest for self-identity achieve psychological maturity. James Baldwin depicts this kind of maturity in Go Tell It On The Mountain via the pr...

African American women are exceptional human beings. Like other women, they are burdened with the problems of being a female in a male-dominated society that does not fully value the feminine perspective. 0Unlike other women, they are also faced with issues resulting from long-standing negative, ste...

Blackness What is it to be black? What is it to be white? Why are so many people looking to fit under a color's stereotype? To be born black is no longer the only factor or standard of "blackness." Langston Hughes is a highly celebrated and commended author of the Harlem Renaissan...

"When we allow freedom to ring, when we let it ring from every village and hamlet, from every state and city, we will be able to speed up that day when all of God's children-black men and white men, Jews and Gentiles, Catholics and Protestants-will be able to join hands and sing: Free at l...