The Era of Reconstruction following the Civil War was a period marked by an intense struggle to restore a worn-out and devastated society. The war, which was aimed at confronting the national problem of slavery, only led to subsequent dilemmas over emancipation and an undefined condition of fr...

The time following the Emancipation Proclamation was at first a time when the color line was blurred. Blacks and whites intermingled freely, more so then ever before, yet these interactions were not representative of the South accepting the freedman into society. The Black Codes were enacted so t...

Any Revolution can usually be credited to some sort of constitutional and/or social development. Between 1860 and 1877, constitutional and social developments contributed to the revolution in many, many ways including The South Carolina Declaration of Causes of Secession, The Reconstruction Act, and...

Discrimination and exclusion have been a part of our country for as many years as America is old. Gender has certainly played an enormous role in the history of discrimination, as have many different races. While a case can be made for women being discriminated against and excluded, there is no si...

Racism & Hate Crimes in America Blacks were introduced to American soil during the 17th and 18th centuries via the triangular trade route, and were welcomed by whips, chains, shackles, and all the horrors of slavery. Slavery was legitimized by our government and continued for a few hundred year...

RACISM IN AMERICA Blacks were introduced to American soil during the 17th and 18th centuries via the triangular trade route, and were welcomed by whips, chains, shackles, and all the horrors of slavery. Slavery was legitimized by our government and continued for a few hundred years, taking a civi...