Langston Hughes is thought of to be one of the greatest African American poets to have ever lived. Langston wrote in an era that is known as the Harlem Renaissance. The Harlem Renaissance was an innovative time period during the 1920's in which African American performers, writers, and artist...

Question: What means did reformers and radicals use to communicate their messages and how did these means influence their ideologies? Over the first Century and a half of American History, Reformers and Radicals found many innovative and effective ways to communicate their ideas to the country....

"We're revolutionaries, we announce, armed with a program and philosophy as well as guns. We stand for self-determination; we fight to let individuals and people decide their own fates" – Lil Bobby Hutton (Hillard 140). Looking at black psychology and the effects o...

The Man, the Dream, the Legend: Martin Luther King Jr. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. not only spoke with purpose but also with a style unlike any others. He was an inspirational speaker and a motivational leader. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., due to his importance in the civil rights movement of the...

Langston Hughes, a Man of Many Virtues Langston Hughes is one of the most well-known black poet and short story writer in our country today. He is also famous for his willingness to write on subjects important and close to him, and never being afraid to stand up for what he believes in. Through ...

The Sport of the Gods, Dunbar's final novel, presents a far more critical and disturbing portrait of black America. The work centers on butler Berry Hamilton and his family. After Berry is wrongly charged with theft by his white employers, he is sentenced to ten years of prison labor. His remaining ...

Most of us, being United States citizens, would like to believe that everyone in this country is living in conditions of utmost freedom and equality. Although according to the constitution this is true, anyone who has ever been the victim of oppression knows not to take equality for granted. Our soc...

Educational resilience is particularly an offspring of the broader idea of resilience. This sort of resilience has many faces, and has many intricacies to it, which helps a person attain success in spite of difficult circumstances or when there is no proper result. In spi...

Black AmericansBlack Americans are those persons in the United States who trace their ancestry to members of the Negroid race in Africa. They have at various times in United States history been referred to as African, coloured, Negro, Afro-American, and African-American, as well as black. The black...

THE EVOLUTION OF RAP MUSICRap is a form of urban music, which emerged from the 'hip-hop' movement of the South Bronx, New York, in the early 1970's. The hip-hop culture was comprised of the popular street activities of African-American youth during the 1970's such as: styles of language, "street-sla...

Even the occasional fan has heard of Jackie Robinson. Because he was the first African American to play in the Major Leagues, he will forever be remembered for changing the face of baseball and ending segregation in professional sports. However, he was more than a baseball player. He played an i...

Elizabeth "Bessie" Coleman is an unknown figure in American history. At first, "she complied with society's standard of job opportunities for women at the turn of the century by working as a domestic and later a manicurist" (Creasman 162-3). After feeling unfulfilled, sh...

It has been said that historically, black women have been absent from much feminist theory, both in feminist literature and black literature. (Watkins, pp165) Two writers that are working to change this "HIStory", are Toni Morrison and Melissa Lucashenko. These writers' are both black...

"Charles Hamilton Houston and Brown vs. Board" 1945-1970, a time for many, that marked the period known as the Civil Rights Movement. In reality, the Civil Rights Movement spanned from the time the first African American touched American soil as a slave. From that moment on, African A...

A Critical Perspective: Richard Wright's Native Son Richard Wright marked the beginning of a new era in black fiction. He was one of the first American writers of his time to confront his readers with the effects of racism. Wright had a way of telling his reader about his own life through ...

Elizabeth "Bessie" Coleman is an unknown figure in American history. At first, "she complied with society's standard of job opportunities for women at the turn of the century by working as a domestic and later a manicurist" (Creasman 162-3). After feeling unfulfilled, she...

"Liberalism vs. Inegalitarian Traditions in American Political Culture, With Regards to Racial and Ethnic Minorities" American political culture is wrought with conflict over the competing traditions of liberalism and it's contradictory inegalitarian ideologies. Liberalism ho...

Toni Morrison The Bluest Eye Background Toni Morrison, a black American, was born in 1931in Lorain, Ohio. She grew up in an environment steeped in black culture. She had a family that encouraged her to be proud of her origins, believe in herself. At school she was the only black child in the c...

Federalism is a concept that started many years ago during the times of the ratification of the document we live by called the Constitution. This concept basically states that there will be two levels of government, the national and the state. Federalism states that the national and state government...

Hubert Humphrey once stated, "When we say, 'One nation under God, with liberty and justice for all,' we are talking about all people. We either ought to believe it or quit saying it" (Hakim 111). During the 1960's, a great number of people did, in fact, begin to believe it. These years were a tim...

"Life's Journey" "The Worn Path" of my ancestors is a clear result of who I am today. Furthermore, a lot of the family traditions that came from my ance...

Abstract The struggle for equality and justice is arguably the foundation of many societies throughout the world. The American plight for these freedoms began with the end of European empires and the retreat of European settlers to a new world that would later be named America. However, as the col...

It seems unfair that the pages of our history books or even the lecturers in majority of classrooms speak very little of the accomplishments of blacks. They speak very little of a period within black history in which many of the greatest musicians, writers, painters, and influential paragon'' e...

During the Harlem Renaissance a new feeling of racial pride emerged in the Black Intelligencia. The Black Intelligencia consisted of African-American writers, poets, philosophers, historians, and artists whose expertise conveyed five central themes according to Sterling Brown, a writer of that tim...

Most of us, being United States citizens, would like to believe that everyone in this country is living in conditions of utmost freedom and equality. Although according to the constitution this is true, anyone who has ever been the victim of oppression knows not to take equality for granted. Our soc...