Peter Ludlow, Director of the Center for European Policy Studies once said "We are all Germans.... The whole EEC is obtaining German virtue- low inflation, a strong currency and a good mix of growth and social welfare" (Hampden-Turner and Trompenaars 201). Although the European Union has c...

Assess the achievements of Louis IX. The historian Frederick William Maitland was fond of reminding the scholars of his generation to "think the thoughts of medieval men as they thought them" . To assess the achievements of Louis IX we must try to think his thoughts. We ca...

The middle ages 2000 The Roman Empire geographically established the original concept of a European boundary. With all of it's great achievements likee civil law, politics and literature, the collective willpower of the Roman Empire would eventually degrade over time and give way to new id...

Nationalism is a popular sentiment that places the existence and well-being of the nation highest in the scale of political loyalties. In political terms, it signifies a person's willingness to work for the nation against foreign domination, whether political, economic, or cultural. Nationalism al...

First to Worst? Downfall of Spain and France "Critics who claim that Europe's wealth was built on the exploitation of people overseas have some justification, but the experiences of Spain and France demonstrate that exploitation alone was not enough. To build and sustain wealth, count...

Imagine landing in France: the place looks beautiful, but you have no idea where to go. Things are running through your head: did I bring enough money, where will I stay, and am I really safe here? You notice the sun is shinning; obviously you came at the right time. Before you make the decision to ...