The Emancipation Proclamation issued January 1, 1863, set slaves in the confederate states free. The Thirteenth Amendment permanently abolished slavery. The former confederate states, not wanting to let go of their control over blacks, established the restrictive "Black Codes." The Civil R...

The problem of discrimination has been around since the writing of the Declaration of Independence in 1776. The U.S. Constitution said nothing of equality; instead, it “legitimized the institution of slavery.” The Emancipation Proclamation issued January 1, 1863, set slaves in the conf...

Affirmative Action Under Attack by Initiative 200? Affirmative action is under heavy attack by initiative 200, and it should not be. It should not be under fire because it serves as an act of restitution for the discrimination and hurt that we have caused African-Americans and other minorities th...

Affirmative Action Under Attack by Initiative 200?Affirmative action is under heavy attack by initiative 200, and it should not be. It should not be under fire because it serves as an act of restitution for the discrimination and hurt that we have caused African-Americans and other minorities throu...

The 2000 Presidential election has brought much attention to itself. While a slew of lawyers try to cheat their respective political figurehead into the White House, the topics discussed during the debates have been put aside. Affirmative action and education touch upon a delicate subject, which hin...

The issue of reparation payments to the descendants of slaves has been in question lately. Many people are having trouble looking a both sides of the argument. Many others can answer yes or no to the question, but they do not know how to back up their answer. Back when slavery started, the white...

Frederick Douglass and the Meaning of July Fourth for the Negro The first African American leader of national stature in United States history was Frederick Douglass. Frederick Douglass was born in February 1817 on the eastern shore of Maryland. Harriet Bailey was his mother but they were separat...

The following brief compares two Supreme Court decisions: Plessy v Ferguson and Brown v Board of Education. I will look specifically at American society and the political climate around the time each decision was rendered. In the decision Plessy v Ferguson (8-1) the precedent of "separate&qu...

Apostles of Disunion In Apostles of Disunion, Charles Dew attempted to explain what caused the South to secede and start a civil war. One topic he focused on and believed was a major reason the South seceded was the pro slavery attitude the South held. Dew believed that if slavery did not...

It is no secret that African Americans in the land currently known as the United States have been abused and mistreated for centuries. Some of the most horrific displays of the loss of humanity and respect for life have found their victims in the African American community. Early on in the Americ...

In American history periodic acts of violent resistance by black slaves during more than two centuries of chattel slavery signifying continual deep-rooted discontent with the condition of bondage and resulting in ever more stringent mechanisms for social control and repression in slaveholding areas....

QUEST FOR FREEDOM AND EQUALITYBY : MR_JoNES^Very few of the presidents of the United States have been responsive to the African American quest for freedom and equality. Some of them in fact, have been rather hostile. An example would be when President Andrew Jackson vetoed civil rights legislation a...

Prejudice: Can Human Nature be Resolved?Prejudice has existed in our world from mankind's primitive beginnings. In the early development of human civilization communities have always faced the divisive issue of intolerance. Consequently, numerous people blame their personal as well as economic misf...

It is no secret that African Americans in the land currently known as the United States have been abused and mistreated for centuries. Some of the most horrific displays of the loss of humanity and respect for life have found their victims in the African American community.Early on in the America's...

Slave Reparations"Forty acres and a mule" was what the U.S. government promised former black slaves during the Reconstruction Period, following the Civil War. That promise never came true and now, over a century later, the topic of reparations is still being heavily debated. Both sides of this sto...