The Middle Ages covers roughly a thousand years, from approximately 400 to 1500 and the term generally refers to the changes that the European society experienced during these years. Many agree that there was not just one medieval civilization, but many. These civilizations are related to e...

KINGS AND LORDS France England Germany After the year 1000, conditions in Europe again changed-this time for the better. The Vikings no longer endangered life and property. The Muslims no longer threatened western Europe. Instead, the European Christians carried war to the Muslim lands in the e...

Knitting Knitting is the making of fabric by using special needles to interlace yarn in a series of loops, or stitches. Knitting, uses two single-pointed needles for flat work and a flexible circular needle with points at each end or several double-pointed needles for circular work, remains a p...

Just like a democracy, a monarchy, or a dictatorship, feudalism is another form of government used to rule large groups of people. Feudalism took form around the 850's A.D. when a strong central government was not working well. According to the American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, ...

"European witchcraft was a unique phenomenon which differed from European high magic from the low magic or simple sorcery" (Russel 658). "High magic and simple sorcery differ however in methods and motivation" (658). High magic was astrology and alchemy (658). Sorcerers are usually people that are ...

Thomas Cahill's book "How the Irish Saved Civilization," is called the untold story of Ireland's heroic role in maintaining Western culture, from the fall of the Roman Empire until the European dark ages. The main point of this book, as specified in the book's title, is how the Irish saved civ...