"A symbol is something that stands for or suggests something else because of relationship, association, convention, or accidental resemblance." (Merriam Webster's Collegiate Dictionary 1194). These emblematic masterpieces have been both created and destroyed by war. These wars have...

What We Don't Know About Campaign Finance Does Hurt Us. "No matter what your social issue, if you want to solve it get the money out of politics. Only then will lawmakers vote for their people rather than their pocketbooks." Jack E. Lohman. Money corrupts politics, and wh...

What We Don't Know About Campaign Finance Does Hurt Us. "No matter what your social issue, if you want to solve it get the money out of politics. Only then will lawmakers vote for their people rather than their pocketbooks." Jack E. Lohman. Money corrupts politics, and when...

There are two offices separated by 3674 miles, which have served as vital roles on the world stage over the past three centuries. One office represents a culture that drinks tea at four o'clock and fish'n'chips, while the other represents a culture that watches 300-pound men push each...

The touchiest subject that a person could bring up in the early 19th century was slavery. Many in the north were wholly against it while many in the south could not live properly without it. The Amistad case intensifies the already bitter feelings between these two parts of the country, and it sho...

A family is sleeping late one night and a murderer comes to their home. He knows how to disarm the alarm system. The father hears the intruder downstairs and walks down to investigate. The father sees the man and yells, "what are you doing here?!" The murderer lifts up his gun slowly a...

The Constitution gives the President three discrete functions following bicameral adoption of a bill in Congress. First, he may elect to sign it. Second, he may veto the bill and return it with a statement of his objections to the house of Congress in which the bill originated. Finally, he may do no...

During the 1960s many civil rights movement swung into full gear. Many civil rights activists started to meet and discuss future strategies for civil rights protest. Many activists also started to form groups to help fight against racial discrimination and segregation. Many of these groups chose ...

Black people had significant historical importance to the nation and the importance of black-white relations in U.S. society today. Throughout the history black were denied many important things to have, a traditional life style, black Americans could not work, live, shop, eat, seek entertainment, o...

During a March 2000 address at Marquette University in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, Vice President Al Gore said that campaign finance reform is "one of the most important steps we can take to return government to the people." His father (Al Gore Sr.), Gore asserted, lost a Senate seat in 1970 ...

By the late 1780's many Americans had grown dissatisfied with the Confederation. It was unable to deal effectively with economic problems and weak in the face of Shay's Rebellion. A decade earlier, Americans had deliberately avoided creating a strong national government. Now they recons...

"The Permanent Campaign" was written by Norman J. Ornstein and Amy S. Mitchell. This article appeared first in The World & I, in January 1997. Norman Ornstein is regarded as one of our nation's foremost experts on Congress. Mr. Ornstein received a Ph.D.. from the University ...

During the 1930's, America witnessed a breakdown of the Democratic and free enterprise system as the United States fell into the worst Depression in history. The effects of the depression were being felt everywhere in the United States. In 1933, sixteen million people were unemployed. Americ...

The President and National Security The President's role in National Security has been a topic of enduring debate in U.S. politics from the Constitutional Convention to our present day situation in Kosovo. Nearly every American President has had to struggle with this issue and deal with th...

A quiet young man is tied up on a fence and beaten into unconsciousness and later dies. At his funeral a small cult pickets outside the church holding signs that say things such as "No Tears For Queers and "Fags Don't Go To Heaven. Multiple times before this brutal murder took place Congress s...