The Civil Rights Act of 1875 was an effort of the Post-Civil War Congresses to enforce civil rights throughout the United States. It was a part of the Reconstructionists to eliminate racial discrimination throughout the United States and this Act was one form to attempt to accomplish this. They took...

Violence motivated by a bias against victims' characteristics which include race, religion, ethnic background, national origin, gender, or sexual orientation, represents a serious threat to all communities. Experts estimate that a bias-related crime is committed every 14 minutes. Criminal jus...

The Fight for School Vouchers According to the 1983 study, "A Nation at Risk", America is failing to educate her children. The report begins by stating that "the educational foundations of our society are presently being eroded by a rising tide of mediocrity that threatens our very ...

Cloning There is one thing in the world today that separates us from God and that is the ability or power to create another human. Cloning not only goes against the ethics of a human being but also against the difference between God and man. There are many reasons that I feel we should not ...

Partial-Birth AbortionThere are hardly many topics that can raise such debate, and invoke such passionate discussion, as does abortion. Whether one is "pro-life" or "pro-choice", the clear and definitive line between the pros and cons of abortion predictably leads to a standstill of opinion. Each si...

A family is sleeping late one night and a murderer comes to their home. He knows how to disarm the alarm system. The father hears the intruder downstairs and walks down to investigate. The father sees the man and yells, "what are you doing here?!" The murderer lifts up his gun slowly and shoots ...

The 13th Amendment The 13th amendment was one of the most influential amendments to have ever been passed in our country. The passing of this amendment meant an ending to slavery and with that, an ending to an entire way of life. The Southern States that seceded from the union were forced to ...

In America today, there is a national shortage of jobs. Beyond that, there is an alarming number of Americans who want the federal government to enact new laws and regulations without ever thinking what the consequences may be. There are issues over marijuana legalization, smaller class sizes, and l...

According to the American Heritage Dictionary, cloning is to make multiple identical copies of a DNA sequence, to reproduce or propagate asexually. A clone is a group of genetically identical cells descended from a single common ancestor, such as a bacterial colony whose members arose from a single...

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We resolve that drug testing is an invasion of privacy and infringes on employees' personal rights. We will show that drug testing is a violation of the Fourth and Fifth Amendments. The courts maintained this interpretation until recently. We will argue that any test must be both valid and re...

The President and National Security The President's role in National Security has been a topic of enduring debate in U.S. politics from the Constitutional Convention to our present day situation in Kosovo. Nearly every American President has had to struggle with this issue and deal with th...

John Locke, the philosopher, stated that all individuals have the right to "Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Property." Thomas Jefferson, former President, suggested that Happiness should replace Property in Locke's statement. Most of Americans depend on property to achieve happiness. For instan...

The United States Constitution gives very specific powers to congress. These powers are very limited and are each enumerated in the text of the Constitution. One of the powers is "[t]o regulate commerce with foreign nations, and among the several states, and with the Indian tribes" (Article I, Sec...

FROM PREJUDICE TO DISCRIMINATIONA prejudice is an unjustified negative attitude toward a group, a category of people, or a cultural practice. Prejudice against a group carries a strong emotional discomfort with, dislike of, or outright hatred of its members. Often it is based on a negative stereotyp...

Can we, do we, and should we legislate morality is a question that rings in the ears of many Americans. It seems that there are more factors, conditions and answers to this frequently asked question than the common person is willing to consider. Let's attempt to take the best ideas from the top scho...

The United Sates has had a short yet complex history in its two hundred and twenty-four years. She has produced millions and millions of great individuals. These great minds have shaped what America is today. Others, however, have personally molded this magnificent nation with their own acts. Jo...

Slavery was a common practice in the southern states in the early 1800's. Therefore what made the Underground Railroad so successful? Supposedly the term Underground Railroad originated when an enslaved runaway, Tice Davids, fled from Kentucky. Determined to retrieve his property, his owner chase...

The American Civil War was a military conflict between the United States of America (the Union), and 11 secessionist Southern states, organized as the Confederate States of America (the Confederacy). It was the culmination of four decades of intense sectional conflict and it reflected deep-seated e...

One law in particular led to bitter conflict. The Tenure of Office Act prevented the President from dismissing a Cabinet member without the consent of the Senate. Johnson said the act was unconstitutional because it violated the separation of powers. To make the Supreme Court rule on this law, Johns...

Black people had significant historical importance to the nation and the importance of black-white relations in U.S. society today. Throughout the history black were denied many important things to have, a traditional life style, black Americans could not work, live, shop, eat, seek entertainment, o...

The American Civil War was a military conflict between the United States of America (the Union), and 11 secessionist Southern states, organized as the Confederate States of America (the Confederacy). It was the culmination of four decades of intense sectional conflict and it reflected deep-seated e...

The Constitution gives the President three discrete functions following bicameral adoption of a bill in Congress. First, he may elect to sign it. Second, he may veto the bill and return it with a statement of his objections to the house of Congress in which the bill originated. Finally, he may do no...