In what ways did American silver facilitate the growth of world trade? The discovery of American silver and its subsequent influx into Europe and Asia had a significant impact on the growth of world trade, to the extent that it is accurate to say that the growth in trade at this time laid the fou...

Re-examining the Decline of Spain Richard Kagan writes in his insightful article, "Prescott's Paradigm" that Spanish history is often overshadowed by historians' fixation on the "decline" of Spain. While some of the prejudice could originally be ascribed to anti-Catho...

At the beginning of the fifteenth century, the world was a quite small place for Europeans. While they knew about China and Southern Africa, their worldview was still focused on Europe and the Mediterranean. Within 200 years, Europe would be almost all over the world with settlement on various conti...

The Catholic Reformation I INTRODUCTION Counter-Reformation, movement within the Roman Catholic Church in the 16th and 17th centuries that sought to revitalize the Church and to oppose Protestantism. Some historians object to the term as implying only the negative elements in the movement, and t...

Table of Contents I. Introduction 1 III. A Definition of Social Movement 3 IV. The Background of the Basque Movement 4 V. The Origins of ETA 5 VI. ETA: From Social Movement to Violence 6 VII. The Government response to ETA violence 7 VIII. Conclusion 9 I. Introduction Terrorism is...