Considering the events that occurred in the United States recently, the mathematical and humanistic orientation should be used to advise the U.S. citizens and help them deal with their problems.The mathematical orientation attempted to move from the material level to a general principle for all life...

Pythagoras The Greek philosopher Pythagoras of Samos is responsible of great advances in the study of astronomy, mathematics and the theory of music. A tyrant ruled Samos at the time and Pythagoras fled to southern Italy at about 532 BC. In Croton, Pythagoras founded a religious school that also s...

Although Plato's theory of the ideal world is rather different from Pythagoras philosophy of numbers it shares a lot of the same principles. As Plato came after Pythagoras he took up a lot of Pythagoras's thoughts and believes. What gave rise the Pythagorean sect was the peoples yearnin...

It's a sad but true fact that we as Americans, tend to overlook the accomplishments of other cultures. Throughout the Muslim Golden Age, which flourished from the 9th – 12th centuries, many brilliant Muslims made spectacular contributions that still impact society today. Ibn Rushd, al-Raz...

Rene Descartes In the 17th century, the French philosopher Rene Descartes came up with "Cogito ergo sum" or "I think, therefore I am". This became the first principle in his philosophy. He formed the "Cartesian Method" which has "powerfully influenced the developm...

When I was a child I viewed everything from a child's point of view. If I was afraid of the dark it was because I believed that monsters dwelled under my bed and in my closets. If I was afraid of loud noises it is because I believed with all my little heart that they led to danger. As I aged an...

In 407 B.C Plato, a Greek Philosopher became a student of Socrates. He turned these great teachings of Socrates in to a career of his own. He was a son of wealthy and influential Athenian parents. When his master teacher died, Plato travelled to Egypt and Italy, where he studied with students of ...

1. Plato's Life In order to better understand Plato's philosophy on life we must first learn about his background. Plato was born in Athens, Greece in 427 B.C. He was the youngest son of Ariston and Perictione, who were both from very well respected and wealthy families. When Plato wa...

Plato, in his work "The Republic," deals with the issue of living a good life. He presents his argument through two questions: what is justice in the state and what is a just individual? These two thought-provoking inquiries naturally bring about many others. One of these questions is: how should th...

Empedocles Empedocles was a major Greek philosopher. This man was born in Agrigentum, Sicily, in 490? - 430 BC. He was not only a philosopher but a statesman, poet, and knowledge of natural history and medicine. After his father's death he extended his career in politics. He favored the democ...

An unexpected cause happened after the Persian Wars: the Greek flood of new ideas. When the war ended, religious beliefs declined and caused more people to ignore the traditional explanations of the world of nature. The Greeks were dissatisfied with supernatural and mythical explanations of realit...

Nietzsche: The Man and His Philosophy The book I read on Friedrich Nietzsche was essentially broken down into four separate parts. Part one of the book consisted of Nietzsche as a child, schoolboy, and a student. The second part of the novel discussed Nietzsche and his life as a profes...

During the Golden Age, Socrates taught in Athens. Socrates was a philosopher – someone who used reason to try and understand the world around them. Socrates wanted people to wonder about qualities, like courage and justice, He would ask students questions so that they would examine the thinkin...

Poverty is the parent of revolution and crime. This is one of the most profound philosophical statements ever made. Aristotle was influenced by the short upbringing of his parents, particularly that of his father, who died when he was only ten years old. His father was a doctor. Aristotle was ra...

Plato's educational system is based on an ideal aristocratic society. According to Garth Kemerling's website, www.philosophypages.com (2002), Plato's aristocratic government is one that is ideally efficient. Under such a society, its guardians, the potential leaders of society, are &q...

ABU HAMID AL-GHAZALI Abu Hamid Al-Ghazali (1058-1111 CE) is regarded by scholars as an Islamic intellectual giant. He is one of the greatest teachers and interpreters of Islam, other than Muhammad. Born in 1058 CE in Tus, (in what is now known as Khorasan, Iran), he was a well educated man, havin...

Most people are familiar with the greatest minds in philosophy such as Aristotle, Plato, or even John Locke. In reality, most well-known philosophers happen to be male. Women philosophers such as Hannah Arendt and Susanne Langer have faded from textbooks and have been somewhat forgotten as the decad...

The eighteenth century\'s most exciting intellectual movement is called the Enlightenment. It\'s powerful dedication to reason and rational thought that until quite recently the era was sometimes characterized as the Age of Reason. The turn toward what became known by 1750 as the Enlightenment began...

Over the course of history there have been many great philosophers with different views on reality. Rene Descartes, a renound philosopher of his time, was born near Tours on March 31, 1596, and died at Stockholm on February 11, 1650.Descartes made many contributions to philosophy, although there are...

Descartes Descartes believed that we should ask what it would mean to know about reality, and to examine what reality meant. He claims that unless we know first whether our belief itself is justified we can't know. To determine whether our beliefs are justified, we have to be able to trace them back...

While the great philosophical distinction between mind and body in western thought can be traced to the Greeks, it is to the seminal work of Rene Descartes (1596-1650) [see figure 1], French mathematician, philosopher, and physiologist, that we owe the first systematic account of the mind/body rela...

Individuals who possess the ability to lead the thought patterns of the masses shape culture and society and are responsible for the way philosophy is viewed and lived presently. A figure in the history of classical Greek philosophy is Aristotle. Some of his major contributions to Western philosop...

Most definitions of philosophy have been fairly controversial partly because what has been called philosophy has changed drastically in the course of history. What used to be a part of the philosophical inquiries detached themselves from it. This is why most academic subject began as some aspect as ...

Socrates is a noteworthy and important historical figure as a philosopher, because of his and his pupils\' influence on the development of the philosophical world. His teachings, famous arguments, and ideas began the outgrowth of all later western philosophies. Born in 469 BC just outside of Athens,...

Understanding the World through the Study of Knowledge The study of knowledge, better known as epistemology, is the area of philosophy that investigates the nature, sources, limitations, and validity of knowledge. Epistemology was brought about during the time of the Enlightenment during the 17th-...