In the years following the end of the Cold War, many historians and social scientists have written accounts of what were some of the causes and effects of this period when the threat of war was almost always present. One such person was Melvyn Leffler and his work, The Specter of Communism, whic...

Since the beginning of its existence as a country, Italy has faced enormous challenges in establishing itself as a unified political and social entity. The geographic, economic, and linguistic differences between its various regions and the artificial manner in which they were amalgamated cre...

Russia, from the late nineteenth century onward, has been a nation of many unsuccessful experiments in government. Probably the most famous, however, was the Communist revolution of 1917, set in motion by the visionary Karl Marx. Marx planted the seed of revolution into a world where he thought ...

Russia, from the late nineteenth century onward, has been a nation of many unsuccessful experiments in government. Probably the most famous, however, was the Communist revolution of 1917, set in motion by the visionary Karl Marx. Marx planted the seed of revolution into a world where he thought ...

A country's foreign policy is only partly the result of decisions made by its government: it is mainly imposed by circumstances. Introduction Australia, during the last fifty years, has been a country unsure of its place in the world. She has been bouncing from ally to ally, beg...

The Soviet totalitarian regime held the many nations of the USSR together for almost three quarters of a century; the disintegration of this political system brought with it economic and political instability as well as civil wars in the separated states. Why did the collapse of the communist regim...

As WWII ended, the world remained in total disarray. Actual battles on land, sea and air transposed into a new type of war and with new players. USSR ruler Joseph Stalin depicted the globe as a ball cut in half: imperialist and capitalist regimes on one side and the Communist and progressive wor...

Economics Seminar Will the Status of the Roma people improve as the EU enlarges? When I die, you should bury me standing, Because I have been on my knees all my life." Gypsy saying Who are the gypsies? Are they a tribe? Or maybe a sect? Where do they live? Where do all the myths about ...

Dominique Tappy 7F - 04 October 2000 The Origins of the Cold War The Cold War was a struggle between conflicting universal values. In the West, the concepts of a market economy and a multi-party democracy were cherished as necessity. In the East, single party statism and a command administrativ...

Exploring the importance of the Revolutions of 1917 in bringing about the rise of a single-party state in Russia. "No real social change has ever been brought about without a revolution.... Revolution is but thought carried into action (Emma Goldman, Anarchism 1917)." The people of Russ...

Many today believe that China is on its way to becoming one of the world's top superpowers. Increased diplomatic talks with the United States and its recent admission into the World Trade Organization only emphasize its growing political and economic importance. According to an article in TIME ...

In the early 1920s Mussolini was amongst the first fascists to refer approvingly to the newly emerging Italian Fascist state as 'totalitarian'. During the late 1950s and the early 1960s – particularly in a Cold War fixated America - a theory centred on totalitarianism became the ...

China, a country with a fifth of the world's population and the last major communist country, is now facing the most t uncertain period of its political life since the Communists came to power. China has gambled on a capitalistic market economy to transform its country and lessen the unrest since ...

ANARCHISM: THE ALTERNATIVE TO GOVERNMENT After the Middle Ages, Europe entered a stage of monarchy. The birth of the modern European nations occurred under the control of kings, queens, and noblemen. Spain, France and England (most noticeably in Western Europe) and their counterparts, Polan...

Summary 4 SUMMARY The Communist Manifesto reflects an attempt to explain the goals of Communism, as well as the theory underlying this movement. It argues that class struggles, or the exploitation of one class by another, are the motivating force behind all historical developments. Class relati...

With all of the changes going on within America, and the prosperity and production that came with the industrial revolution, the temptation to stray from the foreign policy that Washington set out a hundred years before was very great. The Americans now entered a time where they were in a position...

Major Sources of Discord between the Bolsheviks and European States: 1917 to 1921 There were several major sources that created discord between the Bolsheviks and western states in Europe from 1917 to 1921. Conflicting ideologies that each attacked the very fabric of the other's respecti...

Major Sources of Discord between the Bolsheviks and European States: 1917 to 1921 There were several major sources that created discord between the Bolsheviks and western states in Europe from 1917 to 1921. Conflicting ideologies that each attacked the very fabric of the other's respectiv...

cold war Major Sources of Discord between the Bolsheviks and European States: 1917 to 1921 There were several major sources that created discord between the Bolsheviks and western states in Europe from 1917 to 1921. Conflicting ideologies that each attacked the very fabric of the other's ...

In the middle of the twentieth centaury, the two biggest countries in the world, India and China, underwent significant changes in the structure of their governments. Both countries were rural where the majority of population was poor. As they were not yet industrialized, Western countries looked do...

Preface: How has the ninth edition been updated? In this updated edition, certain chapters have in added in light of the attacks of September 11, 2001. There was a chapter added on the foreign policies of Clinton and Yelstin-Putin also, an introduction to the beginnings of George W. Bush's...

Under communism, only the tiniest fraction of people expressed open dissent against the system. The system tried to draw in as many people as possible as accomplices. One of the most effective means was the threat that a failure to actively denounce opponents of the ideology would mean classificat...

In the Gospel of St. Matthew, chapter 27 A-B, the people are given the traditional release of one prisoner. They have a choice, the just man Jesus Christ and the "notable" prisoner Barabbas. When asked which prisoner should be released the people responded, "Barabbas."...

With his views of societies, social change, and critique of capitalism, Karl Marx established new theories about quality of life and man's role in the political and social agenda. Because his writings bared new and plausible conclusions, many modern thinkers, humanists, and moralists quickly e...

The Rise of Communism in Russia Unless we accept the claim that Lenin's coup that gave birth to an entirely new state, and indeed to a new era in the history of mankind, we must recognize in today's Soviet Union the old empire of the Russians -- the only empire that survived into the mid 1980s (Lut...