ducts for use and processing in the parent country, which in turn exported manufactured products to the colonies. Trade between the colonies and other colonies or countries were strongly discouraged. Also discouraged was the development of manufacturing in the colonies since these would compete with the manufacturers of the parent country.
             The colonist quite naturally set up political, economic and social systems that mirrored the institutions of the parent country cause that is what they knew. Subject to the overall direction from the parent country, the settlers took the major decisions affecting the lives of all persons in the colony. The forces of colonialism placed the colonies and people of the Caribbean in a state of dependency upon the dominant economic, political and social power of the parent countries. Furthermore the interest of the parent countries at the centre and those of the dependent overseas territories and people at the periphery were ultimately incompatible. As the relationships between these sets or groupings became more settled and mature, the unequal structure of their relationships became even more glaring, exhibiting sharp conflicts over racism, political domination of white minority over a black majority, and economic exploitation in such areas as unfair pricing for raw materials and minerals, low wage for plantation workers, the denaturing of soils, and the virtual absence of manufacturing activities in the Caribbean.
             The small countries of the Caribbean were particularly vulnerable to these predicaments, heavily dependent as they were on trade, technology and consumption patterns in relation to the parent country, upon whom they were also dependent for their values in education, training and governance. As a result Caribbean countries continues to exhibit debilitating features such as low level of output and productivity, high unemployment, high price levels, heavy dependence on primary agric...