Belgian physicist Joseph Plateau and Austrian geometry professor Simon Stampfer independently created the device that came to be called the Phenakistoscope. The Zoetrope, invented in 1833, contained a series of drawings on a narrow strip of paper inside a revolving drum. Similar principles were later used in films, but in the Zoetrope the same motion was simply repeated over and over. At those times photography was made on glass or metal without the use of negative and it was not possible to make at least sixteen frames in a single second. Only in 1839, Henry Fox Talbot introduced negatives made on paper. At about this same time, it became possible to print photographic images on glass lantern slides and project them. Not until 1878, however, did split-second exposure times become feasible. The major contribution was made by photographer Eadweard Muybridge. He was asked by ex-governor of California Leland Stanford to find a way of photographing running horses do as to facilitate the study of their gaits. Muybredge set up a row of twelve cameras. The
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