lish while respecting Islam and the more developed Northern culture (O'Ballance 15). They kept the North and the South separate so that the North could not influence the South and make it into a Islamic area, but, it can be argued, resulted in the North wanting to influence the South as soon as Independence was granted (Anderson 66). Immediately after the conclusion of World War II Egypt began calling out for the withdrawal of the British from Sudan. Britain wanted to comply only if Egypt itself would not invade Sudan (O'Ballance 20). On February 12, 1953 Egypt and Britain signed an agreement that provided self-determination for Sudan within a three-year transitional period. The first elections yielded a win for the pro-Egypt National Unionist Party and they immediately began a program of "Sudanization" in which they replaced the foreigners in administration offices with Sudanese. However, these appointments made the differences of the North and the South more pronounced as there were far more appointments of northerners than southerners. These differences, along with the basic ethnic differences between the South and the North led to the first fighting to break out in the South ("Sudan(country)" 1) .
             The immediate cause of the uprising was the orders from Khartoum for the Southern soldiers to be relocated to the North away from their families. Eight thousand northern troops were then airlifted to the South by the British and the first wave of intense fighting and northern oppression began. This war is now called the Sudanese Civil War since the main goal of the southerners was for autonomy. This is opposed to the northerners who insisted on central control, Islam as the state religion, and Arabic as the official language (Anderson 66). On February 27, 1958 the Umma Party won a majority and formed a new government on March 20. It was overthrown on November 17 by Lieutenant General Ibrahim A...