cost produced by outsourcing provided a means of producing productivity gains.
             Roach suggests that the higher costs of cross border trade which resulted from 9/11 would act effectively as a counter to the benefits of outsourcing, and that further, the political risk involved in cross border trade might lead to companies looking inwards rather than outwards. Worries about the increased costs of trade were common at the time. Dawes (2001) estimated that the increase in security alone would add 10% to
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