would be far too late for the psychological trauma to be reversed. Doctor Anton Muller, who later became the chief of psychiatry at the Royal Julius Hospital, recalled receiving an early patient who had endured many years of home care, "A youth of sixteen, who for years had lain in a pigpen in the hut of his father, a shepherd, had so lost the use of his limbs and his mind that he would lap up food from his bowl with his mouth just like an animal" (Shorter 2). The grotesque act of immobilizing a mentally ill person was not uncommon at this time. Individuals were often cruelly kept in narrow, dark, damp, stinking lockups without release for many years as means of treatment. These acts were committed purely to segregate the lunatic from the general community. In England, patients would be shacked or fastened to a stake in a workhouse or poor house if they were not chained in the home. Dr. William Perfect of Westmalling recalled being summoned by Friendsbury's parish officers to see "a maniacal man they had confined in their workhouse.... He was secured to the floor by means of a staple and an iron ring, which fastened a pair of fetters about his legs, and he was handcuffed" (Shorter 3). Through his bars, the lunatic was ridiculed by the community. The patient had been turned into a spectacle rather than placed for any sort of treatment. The conditions he was placed in offered him no hope of mental improvement.
             As hospitals opened their wards to insane people, they found that cruel treatment administrated by family members was reoccurring. New patients would often enter the hospitals with their backs beaten blue and bloody with wounds. One man had been chained by his wife to the wall of their house for five years, loosing the ability of using his legs (Shorter 3). Victims of insanity were stuck in environments in which they could only degenerate further. Even with the development of the Traditional Asylum, peopl...