ith the share of primary industries steadily declining after World War II, dropping to a mere 1.3% of the Gross Domestic Product in 1999. Although this seems little in the scope of global production, the secondary industries particularly manufacturing trades drastically increased during the era of high economic growth in the 1960s and 1970s accounting for 43.1% of the GDP. (Broadbent, 32) With the enormous expansion of industrial growth, the environmental problematic became more apparent in the Japanese government and began to deteriorate the status of air and water pollution within the surrounding area. For example, in 1994, worldwide carbon dioxide emissions amounted to about 6.2 billion tons in carbon equivalent, of which Japan produced about 4.9% (approximately 300 million tons in carbon equivalent), ranking fourth after the United States, China and Russia. Japan alone emits more carbon dioxide than the entire African continent or South America. In per-capita carbon dioxide emissions, Japan ranked sixth, at 2.4 tons (carbon equivalent), after the United States, Canada, Russia, Germany and Great Britain. (http://www.epcc.pref.osaka.jp/apec/eng/index.html) (Appendix 1)
             With the exponential growth of carbon dioxide emissions, Japan is now forced to measure and implement new policy within the state to regulate and control air pollution. Unfortunately this is only the begging for the Japanese environmental problematic. Osaka Bay is vulnerable to pollution due to its geographic enclosure from the open sea and to the vast inflow of household and industrial wastewater from the three metropolises Kyoto, Osaka, and Kobe.
             During the 1960's, water pollution increased in Osaka Bay, causing the frequent appearances of red tides. Rivers were also polluted in terms of BOD level by the inflow of industrial wastewater. According to Fox News On-Line "A red tide of poisonous algae is devastating some of Japan's main oyster breeding ...