l organizations in the republic.
             Political parties of Sovereign Kazakhstan.Kazakhstan has a multi-party system . At present time there are 15 registered political parties in the country. They can be classified as centrist parties, nationalist-oriented, communist and socialist, and liberal and democratic parties.
             Centrist parties in Kazakhstan are considered to be parties of the government or "parties of power". They are loyal to the policies conducted by the government and, actually, were inspired by the power ("from above"). These parties are called as "parties of power" The most important centrist parties which were created by the authorities to win the elections of 1999 are Civil Party and Agrarian Party. These parties could pass 7% threshold in the parliamentary elections of 1999 and get seats in the Parliament of Kazakhstan.
             Civil Party of Kazakhstan was created in 1998. Ideological leader of the party is Nursultan Nazarbaev. Azat Peruashev is the leader of the party.
             Civil party has its representative offices in all regions of Kazakhstan. It has fraction in the Lower Chamber of the Parliament. According to Mr.Peurashev, the party has a strong social base mostly composed of people working in the oil and metallurgical industries. The party consists of 70% of men (more men work in the heavy industries), 30% of women. Ethnic composition of the party is: 45% Russians, 40% Kazakh, 5% Ukrainians, Belorussian and 10% the rest.
             The main goal of the party is the rise of national economy and support of national producers. To achieve this goal, the leaders stand for the decrease of state influence in economy and development of the private initiatives, on one hand. On the other, the party favors state regulation in tax, custom, and anti-monopoly policies.
             According to the leader of the party, Mr. Peruashev, Civil party is the only party in Kazakhstan that expresses interests of a certain part ...