ntral server. So it is less reliable than others, because all computers are dependent on central server computer. If for any reason central computers fails, there is no backup processing and communications capability, so local computers become disconnected from each other. So for star topology based network, highly reliable host computer is the prime need for any organisation. (O'Brien, 2001)
             Ring topology: A ring networks ties local computer processor together in a ring on a more or less equal basis. It is commonly used topology in Local area network, because it is more reliable and less costly for this type of network. If one computer in the ring goes down, the other computers can continue to process their own work as well as to communicate with each other.
             Topic 2: Chapter 7: Backbone Architectures.
             Briefly describe the differences/features of the Routed Backbone, Bridged Backbone and Collapsed Backbone.
             Answer: A backbone (BN) is a larger and high-speed transmission line that carries data gathered from smaller lines that interconnect with it. At the local level, a BN is a set of lines that local area networks connects to a wide area network connection or within a local area network to span distances efficiently such as between different building.
             The Routed Backbone, Bridged Backbone and Collapsed Backbone are three fundamental types of Backbone architecture, which can be mixed, or match to build a Backbone Network. (Fizgerald & Dennis, 2002)
             Routed Backbone: Routed Backbone is a type of BN, which move packets along the backbone on the basis of their network layer address. It sends the packets to a specific router according to the routing table through the best possible path. It can connect two or more network segments that use the same or different data link protocols but the same network protocol. Usually routed backbones use a bus topology such as Ethernet 100Base-T. There are different or same type of LAN&apo...