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without human intervention, a processing program which requires them to modify their
execution by logical decision during the processing run. Included in this industry are
digital computers, analog computers, and hybrid digital/analog computers.
Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing machinery or equipment that
incorporates computers or a central processing unit for performing functions such as
measuring, displaying, or controlling process variables classify by the manufactured
product. The four main computer types produced in SIC 3571 are mainframe computers,
microcomputers, minicomputers, and personal computers. Dell also sells computer
peripherals, which SIC 3577 encompasses. The description for SIC #3577 is
establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing computer peripheral equipment such
as including printers, plotters, and graphic displays.
During the time of the Dell Case, which is from 1995 to 1999, are some major
trends occurring in the PC industry. By the mid-1990s, a relatively mature global
industry structure was in place, with the U.S. specializing in design, advanced
components such as microprocessors, software, and services, Asia providing much of the
hardware manufacturing, and Europe mostly producing hardware, software, and services
The industry was changing, however, as new competitive forces emerged,
including shorter clock speeds, mass customization, electronic commerce, and
globalization. Shorter PC product cycles have enhanced the importance of depreciation
and time-to-market considerations in determining location decisions. In the words of a
Taiwanese PC executive, "Even if you manufacture a machine at very low cost in Asia
and save 5% on the manufacturing cost, by the time it gets shipped to the U.S.; the price
erosion is 10%." The build-to-order strategies of PC makers such as Dell and Gateway
have segmented the PC...