ence through African history and Black Nationalism. Garvey knew that in Jamaica Blacks suffered under British Rule and faced discrimination so this made him apprehensive about the treatment of Blacks all over the world. Garvey's turning point came in his fight for African freedom and equality after he read Booker T. Washington's book, Up From Slavery.
             When Marcus returned to Jamaica, he founded the Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA). Garvey's desire to uplift the Negro race expanded to every perimeter of life focusing on the idea of complete self/Black-sufficient way of living. In short, the aims and substance of the association were to establish a universal connection between the Negro race by promoting the spirit of pride and love. This positive mindset towards Blackness would act to reclaim the fallen, combat colonization in Africa, and to assist in the development of the independent Negro community. The UNIA worked to establish a central resource for the race, where they will be given the opportunity to develop themselves socially and economically. The association aspired to establish universities, colleges, and schools for racial education and culture of the people and to improve the general conditions of Negroes everywhere.
             In Jamaica Garvey didn't attract the kind of following that he hopes for so he moved his tactics to New York in 1916 at Booker T. Washington's invitation. Garvey arrived in America at the dawn of the new Negro era when Black began to express their discontent with the standards of their rights and freedom. Shortly after arriving in America, Garvey embarked upon a period of travel, lecturing, and expanding his thoughts about his Black self-help movement. When he settled in New York City, he organized a chapter of the UNIA. Drawing on a gift for oratory, he combined Jamaican views of aspirations for economic and cultural independence with the African American drive for success to create a new vo...