The two philosophers that give their principles on moral behavior are Kant and John Stuart Mill. Kant uses his Categorical Imperative and Mill uses the Principle of Utility.
             Kant believes that reason plus will equals ultimate good. This reason isn't one that is taught but one that is innate. Kant states, "...we will take the notion of duty, which includes that of a good will, although implying certain subjective reasons and hindrances." (Kant, 298) Kant omits anything that is not associated with duty and everything that is done selfishly or by obligation. Kant then begins his whole "duty speech". Kant states, "As I have deprived the will of every impulse...there remains nothing but the universal conformity of its actions to law in general...I am never to act otherwise than so that I could also will that my maxim should become a universal law." (Kant, 300) This is where Kant's Categorical Imperative comes in to play. His Categorical Imperative is: Act only on that maxim whereby thou canst at the same time will that it should become a universal law. So, Kant is simply saying to not do an action if you cannot see that it should become a universal law where everyone should be able to do so and that it would result in the greater good for everyone.
             Mill stated, "But it is by no means an indispensable condition to the acceptance of the utilitarian standard; for that standard is not the agent's own greatest happiness, but the greatest amount of happiness altogether; and if it may be possibly doubted whether a noble character is always the happier for its nobleness, there can be no doubt that it makes other people happier, and that the world in general is immensely a gainer by it." (Mill, 4) This is a good example of what Mill meant with his Principle of Utility. The Principle of Utility is what actions have the greatest benefits for the greatest number of people. Thes...