e that midwives use unsafe methods for pain relief such as hydrotherapy and
             water births. Critics maintain that water births can cause a series of problems for the mother and
             the baby. Infants may develop infections, which would require antibiotic treatment. They can
             retain fluid in their lungs and an emergency ventilator must then be provided. Aspiration is serious; a newborn's lungs are not fully developed at birth. Water births may also cause a
             "lowered oxygen level in the blood", which is known as hypoxia. Treatment for hypoxia is best
             provided in neonatal intensive care units. Out-of-hospital births supervised by midwives are
             inappropriate for such situations. Other risks such as drowning of the baby and hemorrhaging in
             the mother can occur ("Water").
             Risks lie in every field of practice. Doctors don't just follow protocol, they also rely on
             instinct. The same goes for a midwife, if she believes a woman is not ready for a certain event,
             ...