nated by only a few regions. Regional and class conflicts resulting from these divisions can diminish national unity, as regions feel alienated from the federal government that can often come across as arrogant. Given Canadian regionalism, it is also difficult for national institutions, including political parties, to survive as well as for leaders to discipline poor performance by backbenchers. The governments are insensitive to the needs of regions not represented strongly in caucus. Subsequently, electoral systems are often evaluated according to the impact they have on this regional alienation and the resulting inconsistency across provinces. The FPTP system has also been criticized for its role in the under-representation of minorities, specifically in eth
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