on challenges. It became key for universities to provide their campuses with communication technologies that wired libraries, classrooms, and dormitories. The wiring of universities for networking was prerequisite for accessing local Intranet and external Internet database resources. Intranets provided campus connectivity using TCP/IP communication standards. This permitted interconnectivity of computing resources: servers, PC desktops, and terminals.
             The 1990s saw greater use of campus communication infrastructures and commercial communication systems to create and store information and then to deliver it from libraries to end-users. Similar technology advances came later to school and public library systems.
             Large databases from periodical, magazine, and journal publishers became increasingly available in digit format – at first on CD-ROM; later via online services. Library services are transitioning from local traditional collections to global resources provided
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