E.A. Hooton defined race has a "great division of mankind, the member of which, though individually varying, are characterized as a group by a certain combination of morphological and metrical features which have been derived from their common descent." Race is a term sometimes used by biologists to describe sub-species. Sub-species are usually identified by the isolation of the sub-species as a group from breeding with other. Races or sub-species in general exhibit considerable differences in gene frequencies on a number of locuses. As humans spread throughout the world, their adaptations to diverse climate and other living conditions resulted in a profusion of complexions, colors, and shapes. Genetic mutations added distinct characteristics to the people of this globe. In this sense, race is a reality as being a group with inherited physical characteristics that distinguish it from another group. However, the danger in attempting to tie race and biology is not only that individuals are never identical within any group, but that the physical traits used for such purposes may not even be biological in origin.
             We are trained to see "race" as something deeply and irrevocably encoded in the person, setting us off from one another, the way a fox's encoded essence is to chase and be chased, and a chameleon's to blend in and bide its time. But there is no intrinsic, irreducible quality of "race." Some members of the various races more closely resemble individuals of another race than members of their own. So we can't always tell by looking. Since children do not emerge from their mother's wombs conveniently labeled by race, we've had to draw all out color lines for ourselves. In our industrial societies, every person is said to belong to one of five broad categories labeled "race," and unless a person explicitly tells us otherwise, that judgment is made on the bas...